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An overview of Marine Protected Areas in SW Europe: Factors contributing to their management effectiveness

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dc.contributor.authorBatista, Marisa Isabel
dc.contributor.authorCabral, Henrique
dc.date.accessioned2019-06-25T15:47:13Z
dc.date.available2019-06-25T15:47:13Z
dc.date.issued2016
dc.description.abstractMarine Protected Areas (MPAs) are considered key elements to the achievement of conservation and sustainable marine management targets. Yet, even if recently the number of MPAs has increased rapidly worldwide, the area of ocean under some type of MPA classification is far behind the international targets (e.g. Convention on Biological Diversity) considered essential for conservation of the world's oceans. Furthermore, coherence, representativeness and effectiveness of existing MPAs are largely unknown or even weakly defined. In this study, general characteristics of MPAs from Portugal, Spain and France were collected and used to evaluate conservation progress in this geographic area. In addition, an online questionnaire was administered to the MPAs managers, and focused on multiple processes inherent to each MPA, namely on the characteristics and suitability of planning, management, monitoring, governance and enforcement. Obtained responses were used to calculate the overall level of MPA management effectiveness, and multivariate analyses were used to identify the factors that most contributed to differences in effectiveness. Most MPAs are adjacent to the coast, are small in area (near 50% have less than 20 km2) and were established with multiple goals concerning species conservation and sustainable development of economic activities (e.g. fisheries). Only 9% of analysed MPAs are larger than 1000 km2 and are unequally distributed among the study area. Overall, 46% of MPAs and 59% of total area covered were established during the last five years, while only 3 of the 35 no-take areas (22% in area) were implemented during this period. High MPA effectiveness (i.e. the extent to which an MPA is protecting values and achieving its goals and objectives) was related with high levels of stakeholders support, with suitable goals, management and enforcement. Results highlighted the need to improve MPA coverage taking into account other existing MPAs to increase coherence and representativeness of networks, that new no-take areas should be implemented in key conservation sites and that management strategies (e.g. enforcement and monitoring) should be strengthened. These findings are applicable to the study area yet methodology and outcomes are pertinent to MPA management worldwide. Ultimately, strategies aiming at maximizing MPA performance are probably as important as the increase of MPA coverage.pt_PT
dc.description.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionpt_PT
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2016.07.005pt_PT
dc.identifier.issn0964-5691
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10451/38888
dc.language.isoengpt_PT
dc.peerreviewedyespt_PT
dc.subjectEnvironmental managementpt_PT
dc.subjectConvention for biological diversitypt_PT
dc.subjectOSPARpt_PT
dc.subjectMSFDpt_PT
dc.subjectMPA effectivenesspt_PT
dc.subjectStakeholderspt_PT
dc.titleAn overview of Marine Protected Areas in SW Europe: Factors contributing to their management effectivenesspt_PT
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.citation.endPage23pt_PT
oaire.citation.startPage15pt_PT
oaire.citation.titleOcean & Coastal Managementpt_PT
oaire.citation.volume132pt_PT
person.familyNameSantos Batista Pereira
person.familyNameCabral
person.givenNameMarisa Isabel
person.givenNameHenrique
person.identifierhttp://www.researcherid.com/rid/B-3594-2012
person.identifier138360
person.identifier.ciencia-idDB1A-09E1-C26C
person.identifier.ciencia-idCD19-4B30-2D53
person.identifier.orcid0000-0003-0483-9287
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-7646-6208
person.identifier.ridD-5201-2011
person.identifier.scopus-author-id33167526400
person.identifier.scopus-author-id7006073782
rcaap.rightsrestrictedAccesspt_PT
rcaap.typearticlept_PT
relation.isAuthorOfPublication5863f417-7cbf-4960-aecd-75efe75bfffb
relation.isAuthorOfPublication36de15f7-6c1c-4cce-ac65-5719d7ac4faa
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscovery36de15f7-6c1c-4cce-ac65-5719d7ac4faa

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