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Suplementação de leitões com turfa com e sem ferro na fase pré-desmame
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O uso de suplementos alimentares no pré-desmame, permite uma habituação à alimentação seca, de forma a prevenir, posteriormente, elevadas quebras de ingestão de alimento. A presença de substâncias húmicas na turfa, tem-se mostrado uma mais-valia, no que diz respeito a fatores como ganhos de peso, quantidade de alimento ingerido e diminuição de mortalidades. Neste estudo analisou-se o efeito de dois tipos diferentes de turfa sobre as taxas de desmame e de mortalidade e sobre o peso vivo dos leitões. Assim, foram utilizadas 90 ninhadas, divididas em 3 grupos: um grupo Controlo (sem turfa), um grupo suplementado com turfa com ferro (TurfaCFE) e um grupo suplementado com turfa que não continha ferro (TurfaSFE). Os animais do grupo TurfaCFE, obtiveram um peso aos 28 dias, significativamente maior (6,7228±0,1266 kg), quando comparados com o grupo Controlo (6,2353 ± 0,1256 kg), no entanto, os animais do grupo TurfaSFE não obtiveram resultados significativos (6,5777 ± 0,1262 kg). As mortalidades deram-se principalmente nas primeiras 48 horas de vida. Como tal, os tratamentos aplicados não tiveram efeitos significativos na taxa de mortalidade, sendo o peso dos leitões às 48 horas o principal fator relacionado com a mortalidade destes animais (P<0,01). A maioria da causa de mortalidade dos leitões foi por esmagamento. As porcas lactantes influenciaram 17,29% da variabilidade do peso aos 28 dias. O peso dos leitões ao desmame também foi influenciado significativamente pelo tratamento (P<0,05), idade da porca lactante (P<0,05) e pelo peso inicial (P<0,01). Um maior número de leitões por ninhada, exerceu um efeito negativo no que diz respeito ao peso inicial do leitão. Por cada leitão a mais o peso diminuiu 30,78 ± 10,050 gramas. Por outro lado, por cada mês a mais na idade da porca, o peso inicial dos leitões aumentou 7,656 ± 3,761 gramas.
The use of food supplements pre-weaning allows them to get used to dry food, to prevent high drops in food intake later. The presence of humic substances in peat has been shown to add value about factors such as weight gain, the amount of food ingested and a reduction in mortalities. This study analyzed the effect of two different types of peat on weaning and mortality rates and the live weight of piglets Thus, 90 litters were used, divided into 3 groups: a Control group (without peat), a group supplemented with peat containing iron (TurfaCFE) and a group supplemented with peat that did not contain iron (TurfaSFE). The animals in the TurfaCFE group had a statistically significant higher weight at 28 days (6.7228 ± 0.1266 kg) compared to the Control group (6.2353 ± 0.1256 kg), while the animals in the TurfaSFE group did not have significant results (6.5777ab ± 0.1262 kg). Mortalities occurred mainly in the first 48 hours of life. As such, the treatments applied had no significant effect on the mortality rate, with the weight of the piglets at 48 hours being the main factor related to the mortality of these animals (P<0.01). Most of the piglets that died during the trial were crushed. Lactating sows influenced 17.29% of the variability in weight at 28 days. Piglet weight at weaning was also significantly influenced by treatment (P<0.05), age of the lactating sow (P<0.05) and initial weight of the piglet (P<0.01). A greater number of piglets per litter had a negative effect on initial weight of the piglet. For each additional piglet, the weight decreased by 30.78 ± 10.050 grams. On the other hand, for each additional month of sow age piglets' initial weight increased by 7.656 ± 3.761 grams.
The use of food supplements pre-weaning allows them to get used to dry food, to prevent high drops in food intake later. The presence of humic substances in peat has been shown to add value about factors such as weight gain, the amount of food ingested and a reduction in mortalities. This study analyzed the effect of two different types of peat on weaning and mortality rates and the live weight of piglets Thus, 90 litters were used, divided into 3 groups: a Control group (without peat), a group supplemented with peat containing iron (TurfaCFE) and a group supplemented with peat that did not contain iron (TurfaSFE). The animals in the TurfaCFE group had a statistically significant higher weight at 28 days (6.7228 ± 0.1266 kg) compared to the Control group (6.2353 ± 0.1256 kg), while the animals in the TurfaSFE group did not have significant results (6.5777ab ± 0.1262 kg). Mortalities occurred mainly in the first 48 hours of life. As such, the treatments applied had no significant effect on the mortality rate, with the weight of the piglets at 48 hours being the main factor related to the mortality of these animals (P<0.01). Most of the piglets that died during the trial were crushed. Lactating sows influenced 17.29% of the variability in weight at 28 days. Piglet weight at weaning was also significantly influenced by treatment (P<0.05), age of the lactating sow (P<0.05) and initial weight of the piglet (P<0.01). A greater number of piglets per litter had a negative effect on initial weight of the piglet. For each additional piglet, the weight decreased by 30.78 ± 10.050 grams. On the other hand, for each additional month of sow age piglets' initial weight increased by 7.656 ± 3.761 grams.
Descrição
Mestrado em Engenharia Zootécnica – Produção Animal / Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária. Universidade de Lisboa
Palavras-chave
turfa com ferro turfa sem ferro peso aos 28 dias peso inicial porca lactante peat with iron weight at 28 days initial weight lactating sows
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Tavares, I.P. Suplementação de leitões com turfa com e sem ferro na fase pré-desmame. Lisboa: ISA, 2024, 49 p. Dissertação de Mestrado
Editora
Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa