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Authors
Abstract(s)
Nos últimos anos, tem-se registado um crescente interesse na integração de painéis fotovoltaicos na agricultura, particularmente na viticultura em regiões mediterrânicas, como estratégia de adaptação às alterações climáticas. O presente estudo foi conduzido numa vinha de castas brancas, localizada em Lisboa, com o principal objetivo de avaliar o efeito do sombreamento intermitente gerado por um sistema agrivoltaico no microclima luminoso e na resposta fisiológica das videiras, nas castas Viosinho e Encruzado. Para este fim, foram implementados três tratamentos, com base na posição relativa dos painéis em relação às plantas: painel sobre a videira (PVT), painel sobre as entrelinhas adjacentes (PVL) e sem painéis (controlo). O estudo acompanhou o ciclo vegetativo e reprodutivo das videiras, avaliando variáveis como a radiação solar incidente, as trocas gasosas, a maturação das uvas e a produtividade.
Os resultados demonstraram que o sombreamento provocado pelos painéis influenciou a resposta fisiológica das videiras em determinados períodos do dia, dependendo do tratamento, com diferenças significativas na radiação incidente, especialmente em momentos de stress térmico e luminoso. Às 13h, os valores médios de radiação fotossinteticamente ativa foram cerca de 16% no tratamento PVT e 44% no tratamento PVL, em comparação com o controlo. Às 15h, esses valores foram de 71% no PVT e 20% no PVL.
Não se observaram diferenças significativas nos valores de potencial hídrico entre os tratamentos, com ambas as castas a apresentarem valores entre -0,75 MPa e -0,96 MPa, não havendo um efeito claro do sistema sobre o estado hídrico das plantas. De igual modo, a condutância estomática variou entre 73,0 e 191,5 mmol H₂O m⁻² s⁻¹, sem diferenças significativas entre os tratamentos. O sombreamento causado pelos painéis fotovoltaicos atrasou a vindima em 11 dias para a casta Viosinho e 31 dias para a casta Encruzado. Apesar das diferenças nas datas de vindima entre os tratamentos, não se verificaram diferenças significativas na composição dos mostos finais.
Os resultados deste estudo sugerem que o sistema AgriPV apresenta elevado potencial como ferramenta de adaptação às alterações climáticas, com capacidade para equilibrar a produção vitícola e energética. Contudo, são necessários mais estudos de longo prazo, em diferentes regiões e condições climáticas, para confirmar o seu impacto na produtividade e qualidade do vinho.
In recent years, there has been growing interest in integrating photovoltaic panels into agriculture, particularly in viticulture in Mediterranean regions, as a strategy for climate change adaptation. This study was conducted in a white grape vineyard located in Lisbon, with the main objective of evaluating the effect of intermittent shading caused by an agrivoltaic system on the light microclimate and the physiological response of the grapevines, focusing on the Viosinho and Encruzado varieties. To assess this effect, three treatments were implemented based on the relative position of the panels to the vines: panels over the vines (PVT), panels over adjacent inter-row spaces (PVL), and no panels (control). The study monitored the vines’ vegetative and reproductive cycles, assessing variables such as incident solar radiation, plant gas exchange, grape ripening, and yield. The results showed that the shading produced by the panels influenced the physiological response of the grapevines during certain times of the day, depending on the treatment, with significant differences in incident radiation, particularly during periods of thermal and light stress. At 1 p.m., the average photosynthetically active radiation values were about 16% in the PVT treatment and 44% in the PVL treatment, compared to the control. At 3 p.m., these values were 71% for PVT and 20% for PVL. No significant differences were observed in water potential values across treatments, with both varieties showing values between -0.75 MPa and -0.96 MPa, indicating no clear effect of the system on the plants' water status. Similarly, stomatal conductance ranged between 73.0 and 191.5 mmol H₂O m⁻² s⁻¹, with no significant differences between treatments. The shading caused by the photovoltaic panels delayed the harvest by 11 days for the Viosinho variety and 31 days for the Encruzado variety. Despite the differences in harvest dates between treatments, no significant differences were found in the final must composition. The results of this study suggest that the AgriPV system holds great potential as a tool for climate change adaptation, with the ability to balance both viticultural and energy production. However, further long-term studies in different regions and under varying climatic conditions are needed to confirm its impact on wine yield and quality.
In recent years, there has been growing interest in integrating photovoltaic panels into agriculture, particularly in viticulture in Mediterranean regions, as a strategy for climate change adaptation. This study was conducted in a white grape vineyard located in Lisbon, with the main objective of evaluating the effect of intermittent shading caused by an agrivoltaic system on the light microclimate and the physiological response of the grapevines, focusing on the Viosinho and Encruzado varieties. To assess this effect, three treatments were implemented based on the relative position of the panels to the vines: panels over the vines (PVT), panels over adjacent inter-row spaces (PVL), and no panels (control). The study monitored the vines’ vegetative and reproductive cycles, assessing variables such as incident solar radiation, plant gas exchange, grape ripening, and yield. The results showed that the shading produced by the panels influenced the physiological response of the grapevines during certain times of the day, depending on the treatment, with significant differences in incident radiation, particularly during periods of thermal and light stress. At 1 p.m., the average photosynthetically active radiation values were about 16% in the PVT treatment and 44% in the PVL treatment, compared to the control. At 3 p.m., these values were 71% for PVT and 20% for PVL. No significant differences were observed in water potential values across treatments, with both varieties showing values between -0.75 MPa and -0.96 MPa, indicating no clear effect of the system on the plants' water status. Similarly, stomatal conductance ranged between 73.0 and 191.5 mmol H₂O m⁻² s⁻¹, with no significant differences between treatments. The shading caused by the photovoltaic panels delayed the harvest by 11 days for the Viosinho variety and 31 days for the Encruzado variety. Despite the differences in harvest dates between treatments, no significant differences were found in the final must composition. The results of this study suggest that the AgriPV system holds great potential as a tool for climate change adaptation, with the ability to balance both viticultural and energy production. However, further long-term studies in different regions and under varying climatic conditions are needed to confirm its impact on wine yield and quality.
Description
Mestrado em Engenharia de Viticultura e Enologia / Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa. Faculdade de Ciências. Universidade do Porto
Keywords
Vitis vinifera alterações climáticas sistema agrivoltaico sombreamento fisiologia climate change
Pedagogical Context
Citation
Lisboa, M.D.E. Agrivoltaico em viticultura: Caracterização do microclima luminoso e avaliação da resposta fisiológica nas castas Encruzado e Viosinho. Lisboa: ISA, 2024, 93 p. Dissertação de Mestrado
Publisher
Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa