A carregar...
Publicação
The Rise of Wine among Ancient Civilizations across the Mediterranean Basin
| Nome: | Descrição: | Tamanho: | Formato: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 923.27 KB | Adobe PDF |
Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
The purpose of this work is to present the archaeological and historical background
of viticulture and winemaking from ancient times to the present day in the Mediterranean basin.
According to recent archaeological, archaeochemical and archaeobotanical data, winemaking emerged
during the Neolithic period (c. 7th–6th millennium BC) in the South Caucasus, situated between the
basins of the Black and Caspian Seas, and subsequently reached the Iberian Peninsula andWestern
Europe during the local beginning of Iron Age (c. 8th century BC), following the main maritime
civilizations. This review summarises the most relevant findings evidencing that the expansion
of wine production, besides depending on adequate pedo-climatic conditions and wine-growing
practices, also required the availability of pottery vessels to properly ferment, store and transport
wine without deterioration. The domestication of wild grapevines enabled the selection of more
productive varieties, further sustaining the development of wine trade. Other fermented beverages
such as mead and beer gradually lost their relevance and soon wine became the most valorised.
Together with grapes, it became an object and a system of value for religious rituals and social
celebrations throughout successive ancient Western civilizations. Moreover, wine was used for
medicinal purposes and linked to a wide variety of health benefits. In everyday life, wine was
a pleasant drink consumed by the elite classes and commoner populations during jubilee years,
festivals, and banquets, fulfilling the social function of easy communication. In the present work,
emphasis is put on the technical interpretation of the selected archaeological and historical sources
that may explain present viticultural and oenological practices. Hopefully, this review will contribute
to nurturing mutual understanding between archaeologists and wine professionals
Descrição
Review
Palavras-chave
amphora ancient wine clay vessel fermentation Vitis vinifera wild grapevine viticultural practice
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Harutyunyan, M.; Malfeito-Ferreira, M. The Rise of Wine among Ancient Civilizations across the Mediterranean Basin. Heritage 2022, 5, 788–812