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XRD Identification of Ore Minerals during Cruises: Refinement of Extraction Procedure with Sodium Acetate Buffer

2020-02-12Journal article Open access
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dc.contributor.authorMilinovic, Jelena
dc.contributor.authorDias, Ágata Alveirinho
dc.contributor.authorJaneiro, Ana I.
dc.contributor.authorPereira, Manuel F. C.
dc.contributor.authorMartins, Sofia
dc.contributor.authorPetersen, Sven
dc.contributor.authorBarriga, Fernando J A S
dc.date.accessioned2022-02-23T14:39:55Z
dc.date.available2022-02-23T14:39:55Z
dc.date.issued2020-02-12
dc.description.abstractThe on-board identification of ore minerals during a cruise is often postponed until long after the cruise is over. During the M127 cruise, 21 cores with deep-seafloor sediments were recovered in the Trans-Atlantic Geotraverse (TAG) field along the Mid Atlantic Ridge (MAR). Sediments were analyzed on-board for physicochemical properties such as lightness (L*), pH and Eh. Selected samples were studied for mineral composition by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD). Based on XRD data, sediment samples were separated into high-, low- and non-carbonated. Removal of carbonates is a common technique in mineralogical studies in which HCl is used as the extraction agent. In the present study, sequential extraction was performed with sodium acetate buffer (pH 5.0) to remove carbonates. The ratio between the highest calcite XRD reflection in the original samples (Iorig) vs its XRD-reflection in samples after their treatment with the buffer (Itreat) was used as a quantitative parameter of calcite removal, as well as to identify minor minerals in carbonated samples (when Iorig/Itreat > 24). It was found that the lightness parameter (L*) showed a positive correlation with calcite XRD reflection in selected TAG samples, and this could be applied to the preliminary on-board determination of extraction steps with acetate buffer (pH 5.0) in carbonated sediment samples. The most abundant minerals detected in carbonated samples were quartz and Al- and Fe-rich clays. Other silicates were also detected (e.g., calcic plagioclase, montmorillonite, nontronite). In non-carbonated samples, Fe oxides and hydroxides (goethite and hematite, respectively) were detected. Pyrite was the dominant hydrothermal mineral and Cu sulfides (chalcopyrite, covellite) and hydrothermal Mn oxides (birnessite and todorokite) were mineral phases identified in few samples, whereas paratacamite was detected in the top 20 cm of the core. The present study demonstrates that portable XRD analysis makes it possible to characterize mineralogy at cored sites, in particular in both low- and high-carbonated samples, before the end of most cruises, thus enabling the quick modification of exploration strategies in light of new information as it becomes available in near-real time.pt_PT
dc.description.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionpt_PT
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/min10020160pt_PT
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10451/51466
dc.language.isoengpt_PT
dc.peerreviewedyespt_PT
dc.relationBreakthrough Solutions for the Sustainable Exploration and Extraction of Deep Sea Mineral Resources
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/pt_PT
dc.subjectResearch Subject Categories::NATURAL SCIENCES::Earth sciencespt_PT
dc.titleXRD Identification of Ore Minerals during Cruises: Refinement of Extraction Procedure with Sodium Acetate Bufferpt_PT
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.awardTitleBreakthrough Solutions for the Sustainable Exploration and Extraction of Deep Sea Mineral Resources
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/FP7/604500/EU
oaire.citation.issue2pt_PT
oaire.citation.startPage160pt_PT
oaire.citation.titleMineralspt_PT
oaire.citation.volume10pt_PT
oaire.fundingStreamFP7
person.familyNameMilinovic
person.familyNamede Carvalho Marques Alveirinho Dias
person.familyNameBarriga
person.givenNameJelena
person.givenNameÁgata Sofia
person.givenNameFernando
person.identifierA-8723-2013
person.identifier.ciencia-id9D16-B93C-A6B4
person.identifier.ciencia-idF318-B7C4-F8CC
person.identifier.ciencia-id3810-BE62-636B
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-7092-7851
person.identifier.orcid0000-0003-3026-7366
person.identifier.orcid0000-0003-2750-3356
person.identifier.ridA-5527-2013
person.identifier.scopus-author-id49061005200
person.identifier.scopus-author-id7003653867
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100008530
project.funder.nameEuropean Commission
rcaap.rightsopenAccesspt_PT
rcaap.typearticlept_PT
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relation.isAuthorOfPublicationcc090dec-6a5c-46b6-a9b3-272126c798dc
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