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Genetic and Genomic Tools to Asssist Sugar Beet Improvement: The Value of the Crop Wild Relatives
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Sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L. ssp. vulgaris) is one of the most important European crops
for both food and sugar production. Crop improvement has been developed to enhance
productivity, sugar content or other breeder’s desirable traits. The introgression of traits
from Crop Wild Relatives (CWR) has been done essentially for lessening biotic stresses
constraints, namely using Beta and Patellifolia species which exhibit disease resistance
characteristics. Several studies have addressed crop-to-wild gene flow, yet, for breeding
programs genetic variability associated with agronomically important traits remains
unexplored regarding abiotic factors. To accomplish such association from phenotype to-genotype, screening for wild relatives occurring in habitats where selective pressures
are in play (i.e., populations in salt marshes for salinity tolerance; populations subjected
to pathogen attacks and likely evolved resistance to pathogens) are the most appropriate
streamline to identify causal genetic information. By selecting sugar beet CWR species
based on genomic tools, rather than random variations, is a promising but still seldom
explored route toward the development of improved crops. In this perspective, a viable
streamline for sugar beet improvement is proposed through the use of different genomic
tools by recurring to sugar beet CWRs and focusing on agronomic traits associated with
abiotic stress tolerance. Overall, identification of genomic and epigenomic landscapes
associated to adaptive ecotypes, along with the cytogenetic and habitat characterization
of sugar beet CWR, will enable to identify potential hotspots for agrobiodiversity of sugar
beet crop improvement toward abiotic stress tolerance.
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Citação
Monteiro F, Frese L, Castro S, Duarte MC, Paulo OS, Loureiro J and Romeiras MM (2018) Genetic and Genomic Tools to Asssist Sugar Beet Improvement: The Value of the Crop Wild Relatives. Front. Plant Sci. 9:74. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00074
Editora
Frontiers