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Authors
Abstract(s)
As alterações climáticas são uma das principais áreas de ação atuais da União Europeia e dos seus
estados-membros, que procuram atingir o objetivo global de manter o aumento de temperatura abaixo
de 1,5ºC face aos valores pré-industriais.
Portugal tem ambicionado uma posição na linha da frente no que toca à descarbonização da economia,
reconhecendo a necessidade de envolver neste processo o setor privado, sociedade civil e instituições
estatais. Neste contexto, os municípios e comunidades intermunicipais assumem um papel essencial na
materialização da ação climática no seu contexto particular, assim como no cumprimento das metas
nacionais de redução de emissões e no aumento da resiliência face a efeitos futuros. No entanto, até à
data pouco se conhece acerca do alinhamento dos órgãos locais com os esforços desenvolvidos pelo
Estado e pela União Europeia, o que poderá ter custos elevados para a concretização dos objetivos a
longo prazo.
Este estágio teve como propósito colmatar a insuficiência de informação sobre os esforços municipais
na ação climática e contribuir para a criação de uma imagem mais clara do que foi realizado até ao
momento nos 308 municípios portugueses em matéria de mitigação de emissões e adaptação aos efeitos
das alterações climáticas. Para isso, foi elaborado um Mapa de Ação Climática Municipal, onde se
avaliou o estado dos municípios nesta matéria através de vários indicadores específicos, os quais foram
posteriormente contrastados com informação geográfica, populacional e orçamentária sobre cada
concelho.
Verificou-se que somente 36 municípios portugueses se encontram atualmente comprometidos com a
neutralidade carbónica e que apenas 4 cumprem todos os requisitos necessários para a transição
climática. Isto evidencia um desfasamento muito significativo entre as ambições nacionais e
supranacionais, e a realidade vivida nos municípios portugueses, encontrando-se a maioria destes ainda
num estado muito inicial de maturidade na ação climática.
Climate change is currently one of the main areas of action of the European Union and its member states, endeavoring to achieve the global goal of keeping the temperature increase below 1.5ºC compared to pre-industrial values. Portugal has aspired to be at the forefront of decarbonizing the economy, recognizing the need to involve the private sector, civil society and state institutions in this process. Among these, municipalities and inter-municipal communities play an essential role in materializing climate action within their particular context, which is key for meeting national emission reduction targets and for greater resilience in the face of future effects of climate changes. However, to date little is known about the alignment of municipalities with the efforts made by the state and the European Union, a situation that can lead to high costs in the achievement of long-term goals. This internship aimed to fill in the information gaps regarding the efforts of municipalities in climate action and to help create a clearer picture of what has been achieved so far in the 308 Portuguese municipalities in emissions mitigation and adaptation to the effects of climate change. To this end, a Municipal Climate Action Map was developed, with the state of municipalities in this area being evaluated using specific indicators, which were then contrasted with geographic, population and budgetary data for each municipality. Results showed that only 36 Portuguese municipalities are currently committed to carbon neutrality and that only 4 fulfill the necessary requirements for the climate transition. This highlights a very significant gap between national and supranational ambitions and the reality experienced by Portuguese municipalities, most of which are still at a very early stage of maturity on climate action.
Climate change is currently one of the main areas of action of the European Union and its member states, endeavoring to achieve the global goal of keeping the temperature increase below 1.5ºC compared to pre-industrial values. Portugal has aspired to be at the forefront of decarbonizing the economy, recognizing the need to involve the private sector, civil society and state institutions in this process. Among these, municipalities and inter-municipal communities play an essential role in materializing climate action within their particular context, which is key for meeting national emission reduction targets and for greater resilience in the face of future effects of climate changes. However, to date little is known about the alignment of municipalities with the efforts made by the state and the European Union, a situation that can lead to high costs in the achievement of long-term goals. This internship aimed to fill in the information gaps regarding the efforts of municipalities in climate action and to help create a clearer picture of what has been achieved so far in the 308 Portuguese municipalities in emissions mitigation and adaptation to the effects of climate change. To this end, a Municipal Climate Action Map was developed, with the state of municipalities in this area being evaluated using specific indicators, which were then contrasted with geographic, population and budgetary data for each municipality. Results showed that only 36 Portuguese municipalities are currently committed to carbon neutrality and that only 4 fulfill the necessary requirements for the climate transition. This highlights a very significant gap between national and supranational ambitions and the reality experienced by Portuguese municipalities, most of which are still at a very early stage of maturity on climate action.
Description
Tese de Mestrado, Ecologia e Gestão Ambiental, 2024, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências
Keywords
Municípios Alterações climáticas Neutralidade carbónica Pacto de Autarcas Teses de mestrado - 2024