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Developing molecular tools to improve grapevine resilience against pathogens: new insights on the role of chloroplasts lipids
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Resumo(s)
Vitis vinifera is one of the most cultivated fruit crops in the world, being highly susceptible to
Plasmopara viticola, the etiological agent of grapevine downy mildew, leading to heavy yield
reductions and, consequently, to massive economic losses. To control this disease, preventive
application of pesticides occurs throughout the season. Due to the environmental problems caused
by pesticides and other chemicals, it is necessary to develop more sustainable control solutions.
Over time, several studies have demonstrated the importance of lipids in the grapevine's response
to pathogens. This group of molecules comprises components of cell membranes, surface lipids,
which are the first barrier that pathogens encounter, and signaling molecules, involved in the
cellular changes that occur following infection. The importance of chloroplast lipids and fatty
acids in the outcome of the infection, being either associated to the jasmonic acid hormone
signaling pathway or through the modification of membrane fluidity has also been highlighted.
However, knowledge on the main modifications related to fatty acid and lipid composition at the
chloroplastidial level is still scarce. In this work we characterized for the first time, the gene
families that code enzymes involved in chloroplast lipid biosynthesis. We have also determined
both fatty acid and lipid modulation events during the interaction with P. viticola. We also
exploited gene expression modulation in an infection context, using grapevine genotypes that
harbour different resistance to Plasmopara viticola loci (RPVs) and characterized lipid
modulation in the Vitis vinifera cultivars Chardonnay (susceptible), Calardis blanc (Rpv3-1, Rpv3-
2), Regent (Rpv3-1), Sauvignac (Rpv3-3, Rpv10) and Solaris (Rpv3-1, Rpv12).
Descrição
Tese de mestrado, Biologia Molecular e Genética, 2024, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências
Palavras-chave
Vitis vinifera Plasmopara viticola lípidos cloroplastidiais sinalização lipídica loci de resistência (Rpvs) Teses de mestrado - 2024