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Effects of age on the identification of emotions in facial expressions: a meta-analysis

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dc.contributor.authorGonçalves, Ana R.
dc.contributor.authorFernandes, Carina
dc.contributor.authorPasion, Rita
dc.contributor.authorFerreira-Santos, Fernando
dc.contributor.authorBarbosa, Fernando
dc.contributor.authorMarques-Teixeira, João
dc.date.accessioned2021-10-28T14:22:34Z
dc.date.available2021-10-28T14:22:34Z
dc.date.issued2018
dc.description© 2018 Gonçalves et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, reproduction and adaptation in any medium and for any purpose provided that it is properly attributed. For attribution, the original author(s), title, publication source (PeerJ) and either DOI or URL of the article must be cited.pt_PT
dc.description.abstractBackground: Emotion identification is a fundamental component of social cognition. Although it is well established that a general cognitive decline occurs with advancing age, the effects of age on emotion identification is still unclear. A meta-analysis by Ruffman and colleagues (2008) explored this issue, but much research has been published since then, reporting inconsistent findings. Methods: To examine age differences in the identification of facial expressions of emotion, we conducted a meta-analysis of 24 empirical studies (N = 1,033 older adults, N = 1,135 younger adults) published after 2008. Additionally, a meta-regression analysis was conducted to identify potential moderators. Results: Results show that older adults less accurately identify facial expressions of anger, sadness, fear, surprise, and happiness compared to younger adults, strengthening the results obtained by Ruffman et al. (2008). However, meta-regression analyses indicate that effect sizes are moderated by sample characteristics and stimulus features. Importantly, the estimated effect size for the identification of fear and disgust increased for larger differences in the number of years of formal education between the two groups. Discussion: We discuss several factors that might explain the age-related differences in emotion identification and suggest how brain changes may account for the observed pattern. Furthermore, moderator effects are interpreted and discussed.pt_PT
dc.description.sponsorshipThis research was supported by a grant from the Fundação BIAL. Carina Fernandes was supported by a doctoral grant from the Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (Carina Fernandes - SFRH/BD/112101/2015).pt_PT
dc.description.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionpt_PT
dc.identifier.citationPeerJ. 2018 Jul 25;6:e5278.pt_PT
dc.identifier.doi10.7717/peerj.5278pt_PT
dc.identifier.eissn2167-8359
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10451/50047
dc.language.isoengpt_PT
dc.peerreviewedyespt_PT
dc.publisherPeerJ, Inc.pt_PT
dc.relationA cognição social no défice cognitivo ligeiro amnésico: Análise neuropsicológica, neurofisiológica e neuroimagiológica
dc.relation.publisherversionhttps://peerj.com/pt_PT
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/pt_PT
dc.subjectAgingpt_PT
dc.subjectEmotion identificationpt_PT
dc.subjectFacial expressionspt_PT
dc.subjectNeural changespt_PT
dc.titleEffects of age on the identification of emotions in facial expressions: a meta-analysispt_PT
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.awardNumberSFRH/BD/112101/2015
oaire.awardTitleA cognição social no défice cognitivo ligeiro amnésico: Análise neuropsicológica, neurofisiológica e neuroimagiológica
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT//SFRH%2FBD%2F112101%2F2015/PT
oaire.citation.titlePeerJpt_PT
oaire.citation.volume6pt_PT
person.familyNameTeixeira Fernandes
person.givenNameCarina Sofia
person.identifierLQrM6b0AAAAJ
person.identifier.ciencia-id5A1B-358C-C56C
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-8258-1448
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
rcaap.rightsopenAccesspt_PT
rcaap.typearticlept_PT
relation.isAuthorOfPublication06c1a54a-67d1-48a5-8b42-cdc18fd246a4
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscovery06c1a54a-67d1-48a5-8b42-cdc18fd246a4
relation.isProjectOfPublicationeb6d0a23-d686-4f00-b881-1467edc7a1f6
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