A carregar...
Publicação
A compreensão da natureza da ciência : um estudo com alunos do 1º ciclo do ensino
| Nome: | Descrição: | Tamanho: | Formato: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 15.04 MB | Adobe PDF |
Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
Partindo do pressuposto de que o desenvolvimento da literacia científica
se constitui como um objectivo primordial do ensino das ciências, e de que para
alcançar este objectivo é necessário desenvolver também uma compreensão
da natureza da ciência, a presente investigação pretendeu conhecer as
concepções de um grupo de alunos do 1º Ciclo acerca da natureza da ciência e
dos cientistas. Consideramos de extrema importância a educação científica a
partir dos primeiros anos de escolaridade. Torna-se por isso fundamental
desenvolver desde cedo nos alunos uma compreensão do que é realmente a
ciência, da forma como se constrói o conhecimento científico, da relação
Ciência-Tecnologia-Sociedade-Ambiente, assim como uma imagem real dos
cientistas e da sua actividade. Será por esta via que, no futuro, aqueles alunos
se tornarão cidadãos activos, capazes de entender o que está em causa numa
questão sociocientífica, e de participar, de forma consciente, nos processos de
tomada de decisão inerentes àquele tipo de questão.
Nesta investigação, de natureza qualitativa, participaram doze alunos do
4º ano de escolaridade de uma escola do 1º Ciclo de Lisboa. Através da
análise de desenhos e histórias elaborados pelos alunos sobre os cientistas e a
sua actividade, e de entrevistas, foi possível identificar algumas ideias e
imagens dos alunos relativamente à ciência e aos cientistas.
Constatámos que os alunos envolvidos no estudo possuem imagens
distorcidas e fictícias da ciência e dos cientistas, imagens estas coincidentes
com o que é frequentemente transmitido pelos meios de comunicação, em
particular pelos desenhos animados e filmes. A presença de tais ideias traz
implicações penosas no nível de literacia científica em desenvolvimento
naqueles alunos, e consequentemente no perfil do cidadão do futuro (que se
pretende literado cientificamente). Caberá então à Escola a tarefa de desfazer
os estereótipos veiculados pelos meios de comunicação social, principalmente
pela televisão, abordando e discutindo as ideias transmitidas, de forma a levar
os alunos a construírem concepções reais e verdadeiras acerca da ciência e
dos cientistas.
Starting from the presupposition that the development of the scientific literacy is constituted as a primordial objective of the sciences teaching, and that to reach this objective it is necessary to develop an understanding of the science nature, the present investigation intends to know the conceptions of a group of primary school students about the nature of science and of the scientists. We consider of extreme importance that the scientific education starts from the first years of education. So it becomes fundamental to develop early in the students an understanding of what science really is, the way that the scientific knowledge is built, the relationship between Science-TechnologySociety, as well as a real image of the scientists and of their activity. It will be through this way that, in the future, those students will become active citizens, able to understand what is in cause in a socioscientific subject, and of participating, in a conscious way, in the inherent processes of making their own choices about that matter. In this investigation, of qualitative nature, were involved twelve students of the 4th grade of a primary school of Lisbon. Through the analysis of drawings and histories elaborated by the students about the scientists and their activities, and of interviews, it was possible to identify some ideas and images they had relatively to science and to scientists. We realized that the students involved in the study possess distorted and fictitious images of science and of scientists, these images coincide with the ones that are frequently transmitted by the media, specially in cartoons and films. The presence of such ideas bring serious implications in the level of scientific literacy in development in those students, and consequently in the citizen's future profile (that are intended to be scientifically literated). It will have to be the School undoing the stereotypes transmitted by the media, mainly by the television, approaching and discussing the transmitted ideas, in way to take the students to build their real and true conceptions concerning science and scientists.
Starting from the presupposition that the development of the scientific literacy is constituted as a primordial objective of the sciences teaching, and that to reach this objective it is necessary to develop an understanding of the science nature, the present investigation intends to know the conceptions of a group of primary school students about the nature of science and of the scientists. We consider of extreme importance that the scientific education starts from the first years of education. So it becomes fundamental to develop early in the students an understanding of what science really is, the way that the scientific knowledge is built, the relationship between Science-TechnologySociety, as well as a real image of the scientists and of their activity. It will be through this way that, in the future, those students will become active citizens, able to understand what is in cause in a socioscientific subject, and of participating, in a conscious way, in the inherent processes of making their own choices about that matter. In this investigation, of qualitative nature, were involved twelve students of the 4th grade of a primary school of Lisbon. Through the analysis of drawings and histories elaborated by the students about the scientists and their activities, and of interviews, it was possible to identify some ideas and images they had relatively to science and to scientists. We realized that the students involved in the study possess distorted and fictitious images of science and of scientists, these images coincide with the ones that are frequently transmitted by the media, specially in cartoons and films. The presence of such ideas bring serious implications in the level of scientific literacy in development in those students, and consequently in the citizen's future profile (that are intended to be scientifically literated). It will have to be the School undoing the stereotypes transmitted by the media, mainly by the television, approaching and discussing the transmitted ideas, in way to take the students to build their real and true conceptions concerning science and scientists.
Descrição
Tese de mestrado em Educação (Didáctica das Ciências), apresentada à Universidade de Lisboa através da Faculdade de Ciências, 2006
Palavras-chave
Literacia científica Ciências - Estudo e ensino Ciência e tecnologia Concepções dos alunos Teses de mestrado