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Apomixis in Systematics, Evolution and Phylogenetics of Angiosperms: Current Developments and Prospects
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
Apomixis, the reproduction via asexually formed seed, is taxonomically scattered in angiosperms.
Here we review the major developmental pathways to apomixis and the occurrences on the
level of orders and families. We provide surveys of large families for which occurrences and
evolutionary pathways of apomixis are well documented (Poaceae, Ranunculaceae,
Plumbaginaceae, Rosaceae, Brassicaceae, Rutaceae, and Asteraceae). Molecular phylogenetic,
phylogenomic, and cytogenetic studies have confirmed that apomixis frequently arises in
hybrids, with or without polyploidy. Multiple origins, different developmental pathways, and
genetic/epigenetic control mechanisms confirm that apomixis is a derived trait. Pollen functions
are in many taxa maintained for fertilization of polar nuclei and proper endosperm development,
which allows also for maintenance of facultative sexuality and further intercrossing of lineages.
This way, apomixis often results in huge and dynamic complexes of numerous hybrid genotypes
and phenotypes with highly reticulate relationships. Such complexes are successful to establish
in various habitats and geographical regions. Expression of apomixis appears to be in some
genera influenced by environmental conditions. The diversity of evolutionary pathways is
reflected in various, genus-wise taxonomic treatments. Future research is needed to understand
the short-term evolutionary dynamics, the functional background for apomixis, and the
long-term evolutionary fates of apomictic lineages.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
agamospermy embryology reticulate evolution phylogenetics polyploidy systematics
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Elvira Hörandl, Diego Hojsgaard, Ana Caperta, Sofia I. R. Conceição, Ana Sofia Róis, Timothy Dickinson, Terezie Mandáková, Michael D. Windham, Marc S. Appelhans, Patrik Mráz & Jindřich Chrtek (13 Sep 2024): Apomixis in Systematics, Evolution and Phylogenetics of Angiosperms: Current Developments and Prospects, Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences
Editora
Taylor & Francis