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Diversity patterns and conservation of the Vigna spp. in Mozambique: A comprehensive study
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
Mozambique supports a high diversity of native legume species, including
many Crop Wild Relatives (CWRs). Among them, the still understudied genus
Vigna is a particularly notable and promising donor of favorable traits for
crop improvement. This study aims to provide an updated overview of Vigna
CWRs diversity in Mozambique, defining a conservation strategy for priority
target taxa and areas. A checklist of Vigna taxa was prepared and using
five criteria (taxonomic group, ethnobotanical value, global and regional
distributions, and ex situ conservation status), the prioritization of each taxon
was determined. The distribution of Vigna native to Mozambique was studied
and diversity hotspots were detected; gaps in in situ conservation were
analyzed by overlaying species distribution with Mozambique’s Protected
Areas Network. Maps predicting the differences between future conditions
and baseline values were performed to investigate expected changes in
temperature and precipitation in Vigna’s occurrence areas. There are 21
Vigna native taxa occurring in Mozambique, with the Chimanimani Mountains
and Mount Gorongosa, as diversity hotspots for the genus. Following the
IUCN Red List criteria, 13 taxa are of Least Concern, while the remaining
eight are currently Not Evaluated. According to their priority level for further
conservation actions, 24% of the taxa are of high priority, 67% of medium
priority, and 9% of low priority. The important hotspot of Chimanimani
Mountains is among the areas most affected by the predicted future increase
in temperature and reduction of rainfall. The obtained distribution and species
richness maps, represent a relevant first tool to evaluate and improve the
effectiveness of Protected Areas and IPAs of Mozambique for the conservation
of Vigna CWRs. The in situ gap analysis showed that 52% of the Vigna
taxa are unprotected; this could be overcome by establishing reserves in
Vigna diversity centers, considering the different types of habitats to which
the different taxa are adapted, and by increasing in situ protection for the high priority ones. The ex situ conservation of Vigna is very limited and
storing seed collections of these CWRs, is an essential component in global
food security, as some taxa seem suitable as donors of genetic material
to increase resistance to pests and diseases, or to drought and salinity.
Overall, we provide recommendations for future research, collecting, and
management, to conserve Vigna CWR in Mozambique, providing new data
for their sustainable use in crop enhancement, as well as proposing measures
for future conservation programs.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
conservation strategies cowpea gap analysis protected areas East Africa species richness crop wild relatives
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Brilhante M, Catarino S, Darbyshire I, Bandeira S, Moldão M, Duarte MC and Romeiras MM (2023) Diversity patterns and conservation of the Vigna spp. in Mozambique: A comprehensive study. Front. Ecol. Evol. 10:1057785
Editora
Frontiers