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Non-Coding RNAs : multi-tasking molecules in the cell
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
In the last years it has become increasingly clear that the mammalian
transcriptome is highly complex and includes a large number of small non-coding RNAs
(sncRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). Here we review the biogenesis
pathways of the three classes of sncRNAs, namely short interfering RNAs (siRNAs),
microRNAs (miRNAs) and PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs). These ncRNAs have been
extensively studied and are involved in pathways leading to specific gene silencing and the
protection of genomes against virus and transposons, for example. Also, lncRNAs have
emerged as pivotal molecules for the transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of
gene expression which is supported by their tissue-specific expression patterns, subcellular
distribution, and developmental regulation. Therefore, we also focus our attention on their
role in differentiation and development. SncRNAs and lncRNAs play critical roles in
defining DNA methylation patterns, as well as chromatin remodeling thus having a
substantial effect in epigenetics. The identification of some overlaps in their biogenesis
pathways and functional roles raises the hypothesis that these molecules play concerted
functions in vivo, creating complex regulatory networks where cooperation with regulatory
proteins is necessary. We also highlighted the implications of biogenesis and gene
expression deregulation of sncRNAs and lncRNAs in human diseases like cancer.
Descrição
Articles in International Journals
Palavras-chave
sncRNAs lncRNAs miRNAs siRNAs piRNAs gene expression regulation epigenetic regulation
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Gomes, A. Q., Nolasco, S., Soares, H. (2013). Non-Coding RNAs : multi-tasking molecules in the cell. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 14(8),16010-16039. doi:10.3390/ijms140816010
Editora
International Journal of Molecular Sciences