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O ambiente nas políticas públicas em Portugal
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Resumo(s)
Apesar dos cerca de trinta anos de acções em matéria ambiental,
é apenas em meados dos anos 80, pela perspectiva de adesão ao espaço comunitário, que se definem e afirmam as linhas programáticas de actuação ambiental
nacional, consolidadas ao longo da década de 90. Acompanhando a tendência
europeia, a política ambiental portuguesa avançou em direcção a uma acção
preventiva, pelo menos em alguns domínios. Com efeito, o país atravessou um
período de reflexão e definição de prioridades ambientais em praticamente todas
as áreas da vida económica e social. Traduzindo o esforço financeiro público
(administração central e local), as orientações estratégicas da política ambiental
enfatizaram iniciativas que exigiram pesados investimentos em infra-estruturas.
Neste artigo mostram-se os desenvolvimentos da política ambiental do
Estado português, traduzidos pelo suporte financeiro atribuído no Orçamento de
Estado (em concreto, na Conta Geral do Estado) a projectos ambientais que
se desenrolam de acordo com uma lógica sectorial e territorial. Este percurso é
abordado em complementaridade com a evolução da orgânica interna da administração central e respectiva organização de serviços públicos vocacionados para os
problemas do ambiente e afins. Neste particular aspecto, a análise evolutiva da
orgânica dos serviços de ambiente e a sua tutela evidencia a importância relativa
crescente do ambiente no seio das políticas públicas.
Despite almost thirty years of environmental activities with the first ‘environmental’ steps taken in Portugal in the early 1970s, it was only in the mid-1980s with Portugal’s joining the European Community that policy guidelines for environmental action were drawn up and established and later consolidated in the 1990s. In accordance with the general European trend, the Portuguese environmental policy was aimed at preventive measures, at least in some areas. Portugal reflected on the issues over a period of time and defined environmental priorities in practically all areas of economic and social life. In terms of the state’s financial projects (central and local administration), strategy for environmental policies put the emphasis on undertakings that required heavy investment in infrastructures. This article describes the development of the government’s environmental policy in Portugal as reflected in the financial support given to environmental projects, according to industrial or geographical criteria, from the state budget. This process is addressed along with the development of the central administration and respective organisation of public services that handle environmental problems and such like. In this aspect, examination of the development of the environmental services structure and its concomitant duties demonstrates the importance given to environmental issues in public policies.
Despite almost thirty years of environmental activities with the first ‘environmental’ steps taken in Portugal in the early 1970s, it was only in the mid-1980s with Portugal’s joining the European Community that policy guidelines for environmental action were drawn up and established and later consolidated in the 1990s. In accordance with the general European trend, the Portuguese environmental policy was aimed at preventive measures, at least in some areas. Portugal reflected on the issues over a period of time and defined environmental priorities in practically all areas of economic and social life. In terms of the state’s financial projects (central and local administration), strategy for environmental policies put the emphasis on undertakings that required heavy investment in infrastructures. This article describes the development of the government’s environmental policy in Portugal as reflected in the financial support given to environmental projects, according to industrial or geographical criteria, from the state budget. This process is addressed along with the development of the central administration and respective organisation of public services that handle environmental problems and such like. In this aspect, examination of the development of the environmental services structure and its concomitant duties demonstrates the importance given to environmental issues in public policies.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Política pública de ambiente Instituições e serviços de ambiente Despesas e investimentos de desenvolvimento
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Queirós, M. (2002). Environmental public policies in Portugal. Finisterra, XXXVII(73), 33-59. https://doi.org/10.18055/Finis1607.
Editora
Universidade de Lisboa, Centro de Estudos Geográficos