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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
O crescimento da população mundial previsto, para 9 mil milhões em 2030 e 10
mil milhões em 2050 (UN, 2022), obriga à tomada de decisões sobre a distribuição de
recursos para alimentar este crescimento, uma vez que a expansão do actual
sistema de produção não é uma opção viável (APA, 2021). Tentando responder a
estas questões, este trabalho analisou dois insetos comestíveis, Tenebrio molitor e
Alphitobius diaperinus, as suas propriedades nutricionais, bem como a tecnologia de
impressão 3D, como meio de apresentar ao consumidor ocidental uma alternativa
nutritiva e saborosa para a obtenção de nutrientes essenciais. Para isso, uma
formulação para a impressão de patas de pato com micro-algas (Letras et al., 2021)
foi adaptada para incorporar os insetos comestíveis. Concentrações de 8, 10 e 12%
de inseto, tanto isolados como combinados, foram incorporados nas massas
desenvolvidas, tendo sido escolhida a formulação com a concentração de 10%.
Varrimentos de stress e de frequência foram realizadas nas massas para
compreender o grau de estruturação interna para melhor adequar estes materiais à
impressão 3D, o ajuste do conteúdo de água das massas foi realizado utilizando o
equipamento Micro-doughLab. O perfil nutricional foi avaliado, revelando uma
quantidade significativa de proteína, suficiente para atribuir a alegação nutricional
"fonte de proteína" de acordo com o Regulamento Europeu (EU) 1924/2006, bem
como um aumento da concentração de minerais, quando comparado com o controlo.
O perfil antioxidante e compostos fenólicos totais foram igualmente avaliados. Foi
realizado um questionário sensorial, comparando o snack de controlo com três outras
amostras contendo 10% de T. molitor, 10% de A. diaperinus e 5% + 5% de T. molitor
e A. diaperinus, respetivamente, resultando numa preferência pelo A. diaperinus e
pela combinação dos dois insetos. Um estudo mais aprofundado das propriedades
dos insetos comestíveis deve ser realizado de modo a compreender melhor o valor
acrescentado destes produtos para o mercado atual de fontes alternativas de
nutrientes.
The ever growing of world’s population, to 9 billion in 2030 and 10 billion in 2050 (UN, 20 22), forces decisions on the distribution of resources to feed this growing population, as enlarging the current production system is not a viable option (APA, 2021). To help answer these questions the present work looked into edible insects, Tenebrio molitor and Alphitobius diaperinus, and their nutritional properties, as well as 3D printing technology, as a mean of presenting to the Westerner consumer a nutritious and tasty alternative for essential nutrients. An original recipe for the printing of duck footings with micro algae (Letras et al., 2021) was adapted to incorporate the edible insects. Concentrations of 8, 10 and 12% of edible insect, both isolated and mixed, were incorporated into the developed doughs, ultimately being chosen to continue only with the 10% concentration. Stress sweeps and frequency sweeps were performed on the doughs to understand the degree of internal structure to better suit these materials to the 3D printing task, and the adjustment of the water content of the doughs was performed using the Micro-doughLab equipment. The nutritional profile of the developed snacks was assessed, revealing a significant amount of protein, enough to claim the snacks as “source of protein”, as well as an increased mineral profile, when compared to the control snack. The antioxidant profile and total phenolic compounds were equally assessed. At last, a sensory analysis test was performed, comparing the control snack to 3 other samples containing 10% T. molitor, 10% A. diaperinus and 5% + 5% of T. molitor and A. diaperinus respectively, resulting on a preference for the A. diaperinus and for the combination of the two insects. Further study of the properties of edible insects must be conducted as to better understand the the added value of this products to the current market of alternative sources of nutrients.
The ever growing of world’s population, to 9 billion in 2030 and 10 billion in 2050 (UN, 20 22), forces decisions on the distribution of resources to feed this growing population, as enlarging the current production system is not a viable option (APA, 2021). To help answer these questions the present work looked into edible insects, Tenebrio molitor and Alphitobius diaperinus, and their nutritional properties, as well as 3D printing technology, as a mean of presenting to the Westerner consumer a nutritious and tasty alternative for essential nutrients. An original recipe for the printing of duck footings with micro algae (Letras et al., 2021) was adapted to incorporate the edible insects. Concentrations of 8, 10 and 12% of edible insect, both isolated and mixed, were incorporated into the developed doughs, ultimately being chosen to continue only with the 10% concentration. Stress sweeps and frequency sweeps were performed on the doughs to understand the degree of internal structure to better suit these materials to the 3D printing task, and the adjustment of the water content of the doughs was performed using the Micro-doughLab equipment. The nutritional profile of the developed snacks was assessed, revealing a significant amount of protein, enough to claim the snacks as “source of protein”, as well as an increased mineral profile, when compared to the control snack. The antioxidant profile and total phenolic compounds were equally assessed. At last, a sensory analysis test was performed, comparing the control snack to 3 other samples containing 10% T. molitor, 10% A. diaperinus and 5% + 5% of T. molitor and A. diaperinus respectively, resulting on a preference for the A. diaperinus and for the combination of the two insects. Further study of the properties of edible insects must be conducted as to better understand the the added value of this products to the current market of alternative sources of nutrients.
Description
Mestrado em Engenharia Alimentar. Universidade de Lisboa, Instituto Superior de Agronomia
Keywords
impressão de alimentos 3D insetos comestíveis Tenebrio molitor Alphitobius diaperinus sustentabilidade 3D food printing edible insects sustainability
Pedagogical Context
Citation
Herdeiro, F.C.F.M. Development of healthy snacks incorporating meal from Tenebrio molitor and Alphitobius diaperinus using 3D printing technology. Lisboa: ISA-Universidade de Lisboa, 2023. Dissertação de Mestrado
Publisher
Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa