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A proibição de reformatio in peius
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A presente dissertação tem como objetivo a reflexão sobre a Proibição de Reformatio in Peius no processo civil português, que, nos termos do artigo 635.o, n.o 5, do CPC, impede que o recorrente único seja prejudicado pela decisão do tribunal ad quem. O tema em análise foi escolhido com o intuito de contribuir para o estudo desta matéria, que se revela não muito desenvolvida pela nossa doutrina, apesar da sua relevância, o que nos suscitou mais curiosidade. Percebemos ao longo da exploração temática que este é um tema de extrema importância e utilidade, pois o fim último do recurso é o alcance de uma decisão mais favorável aos interesses do recorrente. O próprio legislador entende que os efeitos do julgado da parte da decisão não recorrida não devem ser prejudicados pela decisão de recurso nem pela anulação do processo, podendo retirar deste enunciado que, com tal norma, o legislador visa a proteção da estabilidade da instância e da segurança jurídica que a decisão proferida pelo tribunal de 1.a instância dá à parte vencida. Desta forma, procederemos à análise do âmbito da proibição reformatio in peius, dos antecedentes históricos, da sua fundamentação e de possíveis exceções à norma. Podemos desde já declarar que não há conformação unânime da doutrina a respeito. Por último, analisamos o princípio do dispositivo e as suas implicações em fase de recurso, que decerto não são as mesmas em 1.a instância. No entanto, é imprescindível o seu apoio para demarcação do objeto do recurso. O princípio do dispositivo é considerado por grande parte da doutrina um alicerce da proibição de reformatio in peius.
This dissertation aims to reflect on the Prohibition of Reformatio in Peius in the Portuguese civil procedure, which, pursuant to article 635(5) of the CPC, prevents the sole appellant from being harmed by the decision of the Tribunal ad quem. The topic under analysis was chosen in order to contribute to the study of this matter, which turns out to be not very developed by our doctrine despite its relevance, which aroused us more curiosity. We realized throughout the thematic exploration that this is an extremely important and useful topic, as the ultimate aim of the appeal is to reach a decision that is more favorable to the interests of the appellant. The legislator himself understands that the effects of the judgment of the part of the decision not appealed must not be prejudiced by the decision of appeal or by the annulment of the process, being able to withdraw from this statement that with such a rule the legislator aims to protect the stability of the instance and legal certainty that the decision rendered by the lower court gives the losing party. In this way, we will proceed with the analysis of the scope of the reformatio in peius prohibition, historical background, its foundation and possible exceptions to the norm. We can already declare that there is no unanimous conformation of the doctrine in this regard. And finally, we also analyze the principle of the provision and its implications in the appeal stage, which are certainly not the same as in the 1st instance; however, its support for demarcation of the object of the appeal is essential. The principle of provision is considered by much of the doctrine to be a foundation for the prohibition of reformatio in peius.
This dissertation aims to reflect on the Prohibition of Reformatio in Peius in the Portuguese civil procedure, which, pursuant to article 635(5) of the CPC, prevents the sole appellant from being harmed by the decision of the Tribunal ad quem. The topic under analysis was chosen in order to contribute to the study of this matter, which turns out to be not very developed by our doctrine despite its relevance, which aroused us more curiosity. We realized throughout the thematic exploration that this is an extremely important and useful topic, as the ultimate aim of the appeal is to reach a decision that is more favorable to the interests of the appellant. The legislator himself understands that the effects of the judgment of the part of the decision not appealed must not be prejudiced by the decision of appeal or by the annulment of the process, being able to withdraw from this statement that with such a rule the legislator aims to protect the stability of the instance and legal certainty that the decision rendered by the lower court gives the losing party. In this way, we will proceed with the analysis of the scope of the reformatio in peius prohibition, historical background, its foundation and possible exceptions to the norm. We can already declare that there is no unanimous conformation of the doctrine in this regard. And finally, we also analyze the principle of the provision and its implications in the appeal stage, which are certainly not the same as in the 1st instance; however, its support for demarcation of the object of the appeal is essential. The principle of provision is considered by much of the doctrine to be a foundation for the prohibition of reformatio in peius.
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Processo civil Reformatio in peius Sentença Recurso Teses de mestrado - 2021