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Uso de redes fotoseletivas em framboesa
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
A procura de framboesas na Europa tem vindo a aumentar ao longo dos anos e o aparecimento de unidades de produção tem seguido o mesmo caminho. Um aumento da oferta aliado a preços de produção mais competitivos comparativamente com os praticados na Europa conduz a uma queda gradual do preço, colocando os investimentos dos produtores nacionais em risco. Por esse motivo é necessário aumentar a produtividade das explorações, reduzindo perdas e promovendo aumentos na produção. Este ensaio estudou a utilização de diferentes redes fotoseletivas vermelha e azul de forma a verificar a influência que estas teriam na produtividade e qualidade da framboesa no Sudoeste Alentejano. Acompanhou-se o efeito provocado na biometria, produtividade e qualidade da framboesa da variedade Diamond Jubilee, bem como no ambiente climático e características do ambiente luminoso dos túneis com a utilização das redes fotoseletivas. Utilizaram-se redes de cor vermelha, azul e cinzenta (como controlo). No que diz respeito ao ambiente luminoso verificaram-se diferenças, especialmente para as redes azuis, responsáveis pela redução de 9,5% do rácio red:far-red e 5,1% da radiação PAR que atingia as plantas, provocando um alongamento da planta. Também o ambiente climático sofreu alterações, atingindo-se temperaturas máximas mais elevadas (2ºC) com recurso à rede vermelha. Relativamente à produtividade, as plantas ensombradas pela rede azul destacaram-se pela negativa contrariamente às ensombradas pela rede vermelha, provocando uma redução de cerca de 15% da produção total. A qualidade do fruto não sofreu alterações, apenas a análise sensorial apontou para uma preferência face às framboesas pertencentes à rede vermelha.
The demand for raspberries in Europe has been increasing over the past years and the emergence of production units has followed the same path. An increase in supply combined with more competitive production prices compared to those practiced in Europe leads to a gradual fall in prices, putting national producers' investments at risk. For this reason it is necessary to increase the productivity of farms, reducing losses and promoting increases in production. This essay studied the use of different red and blue photoselective nets in order to verify the influence they would have on the productivity and quality of raspberries in the Southwest of Alentejo. The effect on the biometry, productivity and quality of the Diamond Jubilee raspberry variety was monitored, as well as the climatic environment and characteristics of the luminous environment of the tunnels with the use of photo-selective nets. Red, blue and gray colored nets (as a control) were used. Regarding the luminous environment, there were differences, especially for the blue nets, responsible for a 9,5% reduction in the red:far-red ratio and a 5,1% reduction in the PAR radiation that reached the plants, causing an elongation of the plant. The climate environment also went through changes, reaching higher maximum temperatures (2ºC) using the red colored net. In terms of productivity, plants shaded by the blue colored net stood out in the negative, unlike those shaded by the red colored net, causing a reduction of around 15% in total production. The quality of the fruit did not change, only the sensory analysis showed a preference for raspberries belonging to the red colored net.
The demand for raspberries in Europe has been increasing over the past years and the emergence of production units has followed the same path. An increase in supply combined with more competitive production prices compared to those practiced in Europe leads to a gradual fall in prices, putting national producers' investments at risk. For this reason it is necessary to increase the productivity of farms, reducing losses and promoting increases in production. This essay studied the use of different red and blue photoselective nets in order to verify the influence they would have on the productivity and quality of raspberries in the Southwest of Alentejo. The effect on the biometry, productivity and quality of the Diamond Jubilee raspberry variety was monitored, as well as the climatic environment and characteristics of the luminous environment of the tunnels with the use of photo-selective nets. Red, blue and gray colored nets (as a control) were used. Regarding the luminous environment, there were differences, especially for the blue nets, responsible for a 9,5% reduction in the red:far-red ratio and a 5,1% reduction in the PAR radiation that reached the plants, causing an elongation of the plant. The climate environment also went through changes, reaching higher maximum temperatures (2ºC) using the red colored net. In terms of productivity, plants shaded by the blue colored net stood out in the negative, unlike those shaded by the red colored net, causing a reduction of around 15% in total production. The quality of the fruit did not change, only the sensory analysis showed a preference for raspberries belonging to the red colored net.
Descrição
Mestrado em Engenharia Agronómica. Universidade de Lisboa, Instituto Superior de Agronomia
Palavras-chave
Rubus idaeus redes de ensombramento produtividade qualidade shading nets productivity fruit quality
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Dentinho, L.V.M.P. Uso de redes fotoseletivas em framboesa. Lisboa: ISA-Universidade de Lisboa, 2022. Dissertação de Mestrado
Editora
Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa