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Viviendas y transport en la metrópoli de Quito - Ecuador
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Resumo(s)
El objetivo fundamental de esta tesis de investigación, es comprobar y evaluar en qué medida, la ausencia de una planificación municipal eficaz, ha influenciado en el crecimiento de las zonas residenciales periféricas con malas condiciones de movilidad y escasos servicios. La dinámica acelerada del crecimiento espacial de la ciudad, ha promovido aspectos territoriales de movilidad de forma diferente; presentando así, impactos en sus sistemas de transporte. La presente investigación, identifica varios problemas territoriales y urbanos que posee la ciudad de Quito, y detalla de qué manera impactan estos a varias personas que viven en las periferias; zonas rurales y suburbanas. Para este estudio se ha utilizado varias herramientas de investigación como: mapas, revisión bibliográfica, tablas, encuestas en tiempo y espacio, lo que ha permitido constatar que las políticas territoriales actuales no responden a las necesidades básicas de las personas que viven en la ciudad central y en las zonas suburbanas. Esta problemática se ve reflejada en un sistema caótico de movilidad que se vive a diario en la ciudad, misma que es generada por varias alteraciones en los sistemas de transporte y movilidad y que conllevan a fenómenos existentes como: expansión, fragmentación y dispersión urbana, especialmente en políticas territoriales referentes a usos de suelo que alteran a las redes de transporte y viceversa. Quito, se ve comprometido con un sistema desordenado de movilidad; especialmente en las áreas periféricas. En este estudio se analizó la Zona 1 (corona central) y la Zona 2 (corona periférica) respectivamente. Las personas que viven en las zonas antes mencionadas han manifestado su poca aceptación con los servicios de transporte público existentes, al sentir que su calidad de vida se ha visto afectada. Desafortunadamente, no se evidencian mejoras en los patrones de vida, como infraestructura urbana, redes de transporte, etc. Estos desequilibrios territoriales han generado una barrera para la población de Quito al momento de requerir de bienes, servicios o para su propio desenvolvimiento urbano. Las personas que viven en las zonas periféricas y en las coronas sub-periféricas de la ciudad, ocupan la mayor parte de su tiempo en movilización.
The main objective of this research thesis is to verify and evaluated how, the absence of effective municipal planning, has influenced the growth of peripheral residential areas with poor mobility conditions and scarce services. The accelerated dynamics of the spatial growth of the city, has promoted territorial aspects of mobility in a different way; thus, presenting impact on their transportation systems. The present investigation identifies several territorial and urban problems that the city of Quito has and it details how they affect several people living in the peripheries; Rural and suburban areas. Several research tools have been used for this study, such as: maps, bibliographical review, charts, tables, surveys in time and space, which has shown that current territorial policies do not respond to the basic needs of people living in the central city and in the suburban areas. This problem is reflected in a chaotic system of mobility that is experimented every day in the city, which is mobilized by several changes in the transport and mobility systems. This matter leads to unexpected issues such as expansion, fragmentation and urban dispersion, especially in territorial policies related to land uses that affect transport networks and vice versa. Quito is involved with a disordered system of mobility; especially in peripheral areas. In this study we analyzed Zone 1 (central crown) and Zone 2 (peripheral crown) respectively. People living in the areas mentioned above have expressed their lack of acceptance with existing public transport services, feeling that their quality of life have been affected. Unfortunately, there is no evidence of improvements in life patterns, such as urban infrastructure, transport networks, or others. These territorial imbalances have created a barrier for the population of Quito at the time of requiring goods, services or for their own urban development. People living in the outlying areas and the subperipheral crowns of the city occupy the greater part of their time in mobilization.
The main objective of this research thesis is to verify and evaluated how, the absence of effective municipal planning, has influenced the growth of peripheral residential areas with poor mobility conditions and scarce services. The accelerated dynamics of the spatial growth of the city, has promoted territorial aspects of mobility in a different way; thus, presenting impact on their transportation systems. The present investigation identifies several territorial and urban problems that the city of Quito has and it details how they affect several people living in the peripheries; Rural and suburban areas. Several research tools have been used for this study, such as: maps, bibliographical review, charts, tables, surveys in time and space, which has shown that current territorial policies do not respond to the basic needs of people living in the central city and in the suburban areas. This problem is reflected in a chaotic system of mobility that is experimented every day in the city, which is mobilized by several changes in the transport and mobility systems. This matter leads to unexpected issues such as expansion, fragmentation and urban dispersion, especially in territorial policies related to land uses that affect transport networks and vice versa. Quito is involved with a disordered system of mobility; especially in peripheral areas. In this study we analyzed Zone 1 (central crown) and Zone 2 (peripheral crown) respectively. People living in the areas mentioned above have expressed their lack of acceptance with existing public transport services, feeling that their quality of life have been affected. Unfortunately, there is no evidence of improvements in life patterns, such as urban infrastructure, transport networks, or others. These territorial imbalances have created a barrier for the population of Quito at the time of requiring goods, services or for their own urban development. People living in the outlying areas and the subperipheral crowns of the city occupy the greater part of their time in mobilization.
Descrição
Tese de doutoramento, Território (Risco e Políticas Públicas), Universidade de Lisboa, Instituto de Geografia e Ordenamento do Território em associação com o Instituto de Investigação Interdisciplinar da Universidade de Coimbra e pela Universidade de Aveiro, 2016
Palavras-chave
Teses de doutoramento - 2016