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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
O bem-estar e a sustentabilidade da produção de alimentos de origem animal
têm sido cada vez mais tema de debate na nossa sociedade. A presente dissertação
tem como objetivo conjugar ambos os fatores no setor avĆcola, tornando a produção de
ovos num sistema mais sustentƔvel, sem baixar os padrƵes de bem-estar a que os
animais são sujeitos, de forma a que permaneçam saudÔveis durante o processo e sem
reduzir a qualidade dos produtos provenientes da indústria de produção de ovos.
Realizou-se um estudo no Setor de Experimentação Animal do Instituto Superior de
Agronomia para a presente dissertação. Este estudo teve a duração de 6 semanas e
utilizou 24 galinhas poedeiras da estirpe Brown Nick, submetidas a dietas com diferentes
incorporaƧƵes da microalga Nannochloropsis limnetica nas percentagens de 0%; 2,5%
e 5%, de modo a apurar se as diferenƧas nas dietas alterariam a qualidade dos ovos e
indicadores de bem-estar dos animais. Ao longo do estudo, foram recolhidos dados
produtivos relativos Ć ingestĆ£o de alimento, Ćndice de conversĆ£o (IC) dos animais, Ć s
flutuaƧƵes de peso vivo e ao peso contĆnuo do ovo. TambĆ©m os ovos foram analisados,
sendo submetidos a anƔlises laboratoriais de forma a apurar a sua qualidade atravƩs de
aspetos fĆsicos como a sua cor, tamanho e peso dos diferentes constituintes e aspetos
quĆmicos como o pH. Estas anĆ”lises foram feitas com o intuito de calcular parĆ¢metros
de qualidade como as Unidades Haugh, Egg Shape Index, Yolk Index, Shell Index e Egg
Surface Area. Os resultados observados indicaram que potenciais indicadores de saĆŗde
e bem-estar não foram alterados pelo uso da microalga uma vez que não foi registada
qualquer diferenƧa significativa no peso vivo, ingestĆ£o de alimento e Ćndice de
conversão, sugerindo que a inclusão de microalga não impactou a ingestão e o
aproveitamento alimentar. O peso do ovo, demonstrou um aumento significativo (p <
0,05) no grupo com 5% de Nannochloropsis na dieta, enquanto não foram registadas
diferenƧas significativas na presenƧa de manchas de sangue ou carne, indicando que a
microalga não afetou a formação do albúmen ou da gema no processo de formação do
ovo. No geral, as principais diferenƧas foram obtidas na cor da gema, mais alaranjada,
nos ovos de animais alimentados com 5% de Nannochloropsis limnetica. Em conclusão,
a inclusão de Nannochloropsis limnetica, na percentagem de inclusão de 5% revelou
ser benéfica para a produção de ovos uma vez que os parâmetros produtivos,
designadamente o peso vivo, o ganho mĆ©dio diĆ”rio, a ingestĆ£o e o Ćndice de conversĆ£o,
se mantiveram inalterados ao mesmo tempo que as caracterĆsticas do ovo revelaram
melhorias.
Welfare and sustainability in the production of food of animal origin have increasingly become a topic of debate in our society. This dissertation looks at both factors in the poultry sector: making egg production a more sustainable system, without lowering animal welfare standards, thus ensuring that chickens remain healthy during the process without reducing egg quality. The study was carried out at the Animal Experimentation Sector of the Instituto Superior de Agronomia. The study lasted 6 weeks and used 24 laying hens of the Brown Nick strain, subjected to diets with different incorporations of the microalga Nannochloropsis limnetica in percentages of 0%; 2.5% and 5%, in order to find out whether the differences in the diets would alter the animals' welfare or the quality of the eggs. Throughout the study, production data was collected on feed intake conversion ratio (CI), changes in live weight and egg weight. The eggs were also analysed to determine their quality through physical parameters such as colour, size and weight of the different constituents, and chemical aspects such as pH. These analyses were carried out in calculate quality parameters such as Haugh Units, Egg Shape Index, Yolk Index, Shell Index and Egg Surface Area. The observed results indicate that the productive well-being was not altered by the presence of the microalgae as no significant difference was recorded in aspects such as live weight, feed intake and conversion ratio, suggesting that the inclusion of this microalgae did not have an impact on ingestion or feed utilisation. Egg weight showed a significant increase (p < 0.05) in the 5% Nannochloropsis inclusion in the diet, while no significant differences were recorded regarding the presence of blood or flesh spots, indicating that the microalgae did not affect the formation of either albumen or yolk. Overall, the main differences were obtained for yolk colour with animals in the 5% incorporation group showing eggs with yolks with a more orange colour. In conclusion, the inclusion of Nannochloropsis limnetica in the inclusion percentage of 5%, proved to be beneficial for egg production since the production parameters, namely live weight, average daily gain, intake and conversion rates remained unchanged while egg characteristics showed some improvements.
Welfare and sustainability in the production of food of animal origin have increasingly become a topic of debate in our society. This dissertation looks at both factors in the poultry sector: making egg production a more sustainable system, without lowering animal welfare standards, thus ensuring that chickens remain healthy during the process without reducing egg quality. The study was carried out at the Animal Experimentation Sector of the Instituto Superior de Agronomia. The study lasted 6 weeks and used 24 laying hens of the Brown Nick strain, subjected to diets with different incorporations of the microalga Nannochloropsis limnetica in percentages of 0%; 2.5% and 5%, in order to find out whether the differences in the diets would alter the animals' welfare or the quality of the eggs. Throughout the study, production data was collected on feed intake conversion ratio (CI), changes in live weight and egg weight. The eggs were also analysed to determine their quality through physical parameters such as colour, size and weight of the different constituents, and chemical aspects such as pH. These analyses were carried out in calculate quality parameters such as Haugh Units, Egg Shape Index, Yolk Index, Shell Index and Egg Surface Area. The observed results indicate that the productive well-being was not altered by the presence of the microalgae as no significant difference was recorded in aspects such as live weight, feed intake and conversion ratio, suggesting that the inclusion of this microalgae did not have an impact on ingestion or feed utilisation. Egg weight showed a significant increase (p < 0.05) in the 5% Nannochloropsis inclusion in the diet, while no significant differences were recorded regarding the presence of blood or flesh spots, indicating that the microalgae did not affect the formation of either albumen or yolk. Overall, the main differences were obtained for yolk colour with animals in the 5% incorporation group showing eggs with yolks with a more orange colour. In conclusion, the inclusion of Nannochloropsis limnetica in the inclusion percentage of 5%, proved to be beneficial for egg production since the production parameters, namely live weight, average daily gain, intake and conversion rates remained unchanged while egg characteristics showed some improvements.
Descrição
Mestrado em Engenharia Zootécnica - Produção Animal / Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Faculdade de Medicina VeterinÔria, Universidade de Lisboa
Palavras-chave
bem-estar avĆcola sustentabilidade galinhas poedeiras Nannochloropsis limnetica qualidade dos ovos poultry welfare sustainability laying hens egg quality
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Sucena, J.M.R.P.C. Incorporação da microalga Nannochloropsis limnetica na dieta de galinhas poedeiras: Impacto na performance e qualidade dos ovos. Lisboa: ISA, 2024, 62 p. Dissertação de Mestrado
Editora
Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa
