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| Documento principal | 4.92 MB | Adobe PDF | ||
| Abstract | 74.74 KB | Adobe PDF | ||
| Resumo | 74.25 KB | Adobe PDF | ||
| Título da Tese | 35.37 KB | Adobe PDF |
Autores
Resumo(s)
As glicósido hidrolases modulares, que atacam polissacáridos estruturais, possuem módulos
não catalíticos de ligação a hidratos de carbono (CBMs) que desempenham uma função
crucial na acção destas enzimas por possibilitarem um contacto prolongado da enzima com o
substrato. Neste trabalho descrevem-se as características bioquímicas e estruturais de dois
CBMs: o módulo C-terminal da Cel5B do Cellvibrio mixtus, o CmCBM6-2, e um CBM da
família 11 do Clostridium thermocellum, o CtCBM11. Os resultados indicam que o
CmCBM6-2 pode ligar-se a glucanos de ligações β-1,4 ou β-1,3 na fenda A e na fenda B, e
que ambas as fendas são necessárias para a ligação à celulose insolúvel. Contudo, apenas a
fenda B interage com as regiões internas dos glucanos de ligações β-1,3-1,4, suportando a
hipótese de que a variação da especificidade em membros da família CBM6 reflecte a
funcionalidade diferenciada das duas fendas de ligação. O CtCBM11 possui uma preferência
específica para glucanos de ligações mistas β-1,3-1,4 e revelou possuir uma única fenda de
ligação que pode acomodar glucanos contendo ligações tanto mistas β-1,3-β-1,4 como
ligações exclusivas β-1,4. No C. thermocellum, tal como noutros microrganismos anaeróbios,
o celulossoma consiste num complexo multi-enzimático de celulases e hemicelulases que é
organizado pela interacção do módulo coesina com os módulos doquerina presentes nas
subunidades catalíticas. Neste trabalho apresenta-se a estrutura tridimensional da coesina do
tipo II da SdbA do C. thermocellum, que possui uma elevada homologia com as coesinas do
tipo I. Propõe-se que o local de ligação à doquerina está conservado em ambas as proteínas.
Finalmente, estudou-se o efeito da suplementação enzimática de uma dieta à base de Lupinus
albus para leitões. A suplementação enzimática não apresentou efeitos significativos na
digestibilidade ileal aparente da proteína bruta e na digestibilidade ileal verdadeira dos
aminoácidos, mas a digestibilidade ileal da fracção fibra neutro detergente aumentou, o que
sugere uma actividade residual das hemicelulases presentes nos preparados de alfagalactosidases
utilizados.
ABSTRACT: Modular glycoside hydrolases that attack recalcitrant polymers generally contain noncatalytic carbohydrate-binding modules (CBMs), which play a critical role in the action of these enzymes by directing the appended catalytic domains onto the surface of their substrates. Here we report the biochemical and structural properties of two CBMs. The CmCBM6-2, located at the C-terminus of Cellvibrio mixtus endoglucanase 5B was shown to contain two binding sites that display differences in ligand specificity, supporting the view that distinct binding clefts with different specificities can contribute to the variation in ligand recognition displayed by family 6 CBMs. In addition, the family 11 CBM (CtCBM11) from Clostridium thermocellum bifunctional lichenase-celulase enzyme Lic26A-Cel5E, demonstrated a preference for mixed linked glucans and contains a single ligand-binding site that displays affinity for both β-1,4- and β-1,3-1,4- mixed linked glucans. This enzyme is part of the cellulosome which represents an efficient multi-enzyme complex of cellulases and hemicellulases for the hydrolysis of cellulose. Cellulosome assembly results from the interaction of cohesin with dockerin modules present in the catalytic units. Here we report the crystal structure of the Type II cohesin (CohII) from C. thermocellum cell surface anchoring protein SdbA. The structure of CohII is very similar to the Type I cohesin and the dockerin binding site is likely to be conserved in the two proteins. Finally, in this study the effect of supplementing a lupin based diet for piglets with α-galactosidases was evaluated. Enzyme supplementation had no significant effect on the apparent ileal digestibility of crude protein and true ileal digestibility of amino acids, but the ileal digestibility of NDF (neutral detergent fibre) was increased, which suggests a residual hemicellulase activity in the α-galactosidases used.
ABSTRACT: Modular glycoside hydrolases that attack recalcitrant polymers generally contain noncatalytic carbohydrate-binding modules (CBMs), which play a critical role in the action of these enzymes by directing the appended catalytic domains onto the surface of their substrates. Here we report the biochemical and structural properties of two CBMs. The CmCBM6-2, located at the C-terminus of Cellvibrio mixtus endoglucanase 5B was shown to contain two binding sites that display differences in ligand specificity, supporting the view that distinct binding clefts with different specificities can contribute to the variation in ligand recognition displayed by family 6 CBMs. In addition, the family 11 CBM (CtCBM11) from Clostridium thermocellum bifunctional lichenase-celulase enzyme Lic26A-Cel5E, demonstrated a preference for mixed linked glucans and contains a single ligand-binding site that displays affinity for both β-1,4- and β-1,3-1,4- mixed linked glucans. This enzyme is part of the cellulosome which represents an efficient multi-enzyme complex of cellulases and hemicellulases for the hydrolysis of cellulose. Cellulosome assembly results from the interaction of cohesin with dockerin modules present in the catalytic units. Here we report the crystal structure of the Type II cohesin (CohII) from C. thermocellum cell surface anchoring protein SdbA. The structure of CohII is very similar to the Type I cohesin and the dockerin binding site is likely to be conserved in the two proteins. Finally, in this study the effect of supplementing a lupin based diet for piglets with α-galactosidases was evaluated. Enzyme supplementation had no significant effect on the apparent ileal digestibility of crude protein and true ileal digestibility of amino acids, but the ileal digestibility of NDF (neutral detergent fibre) was increased, which suggests a residual hemicellulase activity in the α-galactosidases used.
Descrição
Tese de Doutoramento em Ciências Veterinárias. Especialidade em Ciência e Tecnologia Animal
Palavras-chave
Módulos de ligação a hidratos de carbono C. mixtus C. thermocellum Coesina do tipo II Lupinus albus α-galactosidases Carbohydrate-binding modules Cohesin Type II
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Editora
Universidade Técnica de Lisboa. Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária
