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Exosomes in viral pathogenesis
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Os exossomas são vesículas extracelulares que participam na comunicação intercelular e na transferência de RNA, proteínas e lípidos. A sua importância nas infecções virais está agora a começar a ser desvendada. Os vírus têm evoluído de forma a explorar os exossomas para que estas vesículas transportem componentes virais como RNAs, miRNAs e proteínas. Muitos estudos acerca do vírus Epstein-Barr (EBV), vírus da Hepatite C (HCV) e vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana (HIV) reportam que células infectadas libertam exossomas contendo moléculas virais. Finalmente, os exossomas são internalizados pelas células do hospedeiro, contribuíndo para o processo infeccioso. Contrariamente a isto, os exossomas também ajudam a limitar a infecção viral. Por fim, como estas vesículas são uma fonte de antigénios virais, poderiam ser potencialmente usadas como biomarcadores de doença e para fins terapêuticos.
Exosomes are extracellular vesicles that participate in cell-to-cell communication and transfer of RNAs, proteins and lipids. Their status in viral infections is beginning to emerge. Viruses have evolved to exploit exosomes so that these vesicles transport viral components, such as RNAs, miRNAs and proteins. Severa, studies on Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV), Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) report that infected cells release exosomes containing viral molecules. Lastly, these vesicles are internalized by host cells, aiding the infection process. Conversely, exosomes can also help limiting viral infection. Ultimately, because these vesicles are a source of viral antigens, they could be potentially used as a biomarker for disease and targeted for therapy.
Exosomes are extracellular vesicles that participate in cell-to-cell communication and transfer of RNAs, proteins and lipids. Their status in viral infections is beginning to emerge. Viruses have evolved to exploit exosomes so that these vesicles transport viral components, such as RNAs, miRNAs and proteins. Severa, studies on Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV), Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) report that infected cells release exosomes containing viral molecules. Lastly, these vesicles are internalized by host cells, aiding the infection process. Conversely, exosomes can also help limiting viral infection. Ultimately, because these vesicles are a source of viral antigens, they could be potentially used as a biomarker for disease and targeted for therapy.
Descrição
Trabalho Final de Mestrado Integrado, Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Farmácia, 2016
Palavras-chave
Exossomas Patogénese Vírus EBV HCV HIV Mestrado Integrado - 2016