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Resumo(s)
Portugal destaca-se no mercado comunitário e global pela sua diversidade agronómica e climática, sendo o oitavo maior produtor de hortícolas na União Europeia. Para garantir o rendimento das culturas e combater os seus inimigos, são utilizados produtos fitofarmacêuticos, com potenciais riscos para a saúde humana e o ambiente mas, quando usados de forma responsável, asseguram o abastecimento de hortofrutícolas de qualidade a preços acessíveis.
Este estudo tem como objetivo apresentar o panorama da comercialização de produtos hortofrutícolas em Portugal e Espanha, considerando os principais problemas fitossanitários dos produtos agrícolas alface, cenoura, laranja, maçã, morango e tomate, através da análise de informação disponibilizada durante as visitas aos locais, no âmbito de um estágio académico, assim como das diferenças entre os produtos fitofarmacêuticos homologados naqueles países. Além disso, também avaliar o risco agudo para o consumidor, através da aplicação da mais recente versão do modelo de ingestão alimentar de resíduos de pesticidas (EFSA PRIMo), com base em boletins de análise disponibilizados pela empresa durante o estágio.
Os resultados demonstraram que a grande maioria das amostras de produtos hortofrutícolas estava em conformidade com os limites máximos de resíduos estabelecidos pela União Europeia. Algumas amostras apresentaram níveis de resíduos acima dos valores legais permitidos, embora tal não represente necessariamente um risco imediato para a saúde humana, dado que são inferiores aos respetivos valores de dose aguda de referência, parâmetro toxicológico para curto prazo. No entanto, não podemos concluir quanto ao risco associado à exposição crónica a estes resíduos de pesticidas, cujos atuais estudos científicos de efeitos para a saúde humana a longo prazo podem não ser suficientes.
Portugal stands out in the community and global market for its agronomic and climatic diversity, being the eighth largest producer of vegetables in the European Union. To guarantee crop yields and combat their enemies, plant protection products are used, with potential risks to human health and the environment, when used responsibly, they ensure the supply of quality fruit and vegetables at affordable prices. This study aims to present the picture of the commercialization of fruit and vegetable products in Portugal and Spain, considering the main phytosanitary problems of agricultural products lettuce, carrots, oranges, apples, strawberries and tomatoes, through the analysis of information made available during site visits, within the scope of an academic internship, as well as the differences between plant protection products approved in those countries. In addition, we also assess the acute risk to the consumer, through the application of the most recent version of the pesticide residue dietary intake model (EFSA PRIMo), based on bulletins analysis made available by the company during the internship. The results demonstrated that the vast majority of fruit and vegetable product samples complied with the maximum residue limits proposed by the European Union. Some samples showed residue levels above permitted legal values, although they do not necessarily represent an immediate risk to human health, as they are lower than the acute reference dose values, a short-term toxicological parameter. However, we cannot conclude on the risk associated with chronic exposure to these pesticide residues, which current scientific studies of long-term human health effects may not be sufficient.
Portugal stands out in the community and global market for its agronomic and climatic diversity, being the eighth largest producer of vegetables in the European Union. To guarantee crop yields and combat their enemies, plant protection products are used, with potential risks to human health and the environment, when used responsibly, they ensure the supply of quality fruit and vegetables at affordable prices. This study aims to present the picture of the commercialization of fruit and vegetable products in Portugal and Spain, considering the main phytosanitary problems of agricultural products lettuce, carrots, oranges, apples, strawberries and tomatoes, through the analysis of information made available during site visits, within the scope of an academic internship, as well as the differences between plant protection products approved in those countries. In addition, we also assess the acute risk to the consumer, through the application of the most recent version of the pesticide residue dietary intake model (EFSA PRIMo), based on bulletins analysis made available by the company during the internship. The results demonstrated that the vast majority of fruit and vegetable product samples complied with the maximum residue limits proposed by the European Union. Some samples showed residue levels above permitted legal values, although they do not necessarily represent an immediate risk to human health, as they are lower than the acute reference dose values, a short-term toxicological parameter. However, we cannot conclude on the risk associated with chronic exposure to these pesticide residues, which current scientific studies of long-term human health effects may not be sufficient.
Descrição
Mestrado em Engenharia Alimentar. Universidade de Lisboa, Instituto Superior de Agronomia
Palavras-chave
hortofrutícolas produtos fitofarmacêuticos risco agudo saúde humana consumidor vegetable and fruit products plant protection products acute risk health human consumer
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Pires, I.A.H. Análise à situação dos produtos comercializados em Portugal. Resíduos de pesticidas em frutas e legumes e estimativa do risco agudo. Lisboa: ISA-Universidade de Lisboa, 2023. Dissertação de Mestrado
Editora
Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa
