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Identificação de novas substâncias de abuso - caracterização por diversas técnicas analíticas
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Resumo(s)
Este trabalho foi realizado entre setembro de 2023 e julho de 2024, no âmbito da colaboração
entre o Laboratório de Polícia Científica da Polícia Judiciária e a Universidade de Lisboa (Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa e Instituto Superior Técnico), com o objetivo de
analisar, caracterizar, detetar e identificar Novas Substâncias Psicoativas (NSP). As NSP são
substâncias de abuso, não abrangidas pelas convenções internacionais sobre estupefacientes e
substâncias psicotrópicas, mas que representam uma ameaça à saúde pública. Estas substâncias
podem ser análogas a drogas controladas existentes ou novos produtos químicos sintetizados para
mimetizar os efeitos das drogas ilícitas.
As autoridades forenses enfrentam desafios na implementação de metodologias analíticas para
monitorização das NSP. Nomeadamente, há uma necessidade crescente de desenvolvimento de
novas metodologias de análise para acompanhar as frequentes alterações estruturais destas substâncias e facilitar a sua identificação, mesmo na ausência de padrões de referência.
Este trabalho envolveu a identificação de NSP em produtos apreendidos em Portugal, utilizando
várias metodologias analíticas, incluindo cromatografia gasosa acoplada à espectrometria de
massa (GC-MS), cromatografia líquida acoplada à espectrometria de massa de alta resolução em
tandem (LC-HRMS/MS) e espectrometria de ressonância magnética nuclear (RMN). A análise
de quatro amostras fornecidas pelo LPC-PJ, permitiu a identificação de seis substâncias psicoativas: 2F-DCK e DCK (arilciclo-hexilaminas), dois isómeros de fluoroanfetamina e uma bis(1-(2-
fluorfenil)propano-2-il)amina (fenetilaminas), e 4OH-MiPT (triptaminas).
Adicionalmente, foi ainda estudado o perfil metabólico de um opioide sintético detetado pela
primeira vez na Europa inserido no subgrupo nitazenos, previamente isolado de uma amostra
fornecida pelo LPC-PJ. A incubação in vitro deste opioide na fração S9 de fígado humano permitiu identificar apenas um metabolito de Fase I, por LC-HRMS/MS. Os metabolitos poderão ser
usados como biomarcadores de exposição, em contextos forenses ou hospitalares, dada a rápida
degradação metabólica do opioide que lhes dá origem.
This work was conducted between September 2023 and July 2024 as part of a collaboration between the Scientific Police Laboratory of the Portuguese Judiciary Police and the University of Lisbon (Faculty of Sciences of the University of Lisbon and Instituto Superior Técnico). Its aim was to analyze, characterize, detect, and identify New Psychoactive Substances (NPS). NPS are substances of abuse, not covered by international conventions on narcotics and psychotropic substances, but which pose a threat to public health. These substances can be analogs of existing controlled drugs or new chemical compounds synthesized to mimic the effects of illicit drugs. Forensic authorities face significant challenges in implementing analytical methodologies to monitor NPS. Specifically, there is an increasing need to develop new analytical methods to keep pace with the frequent structural changes of these substances and facilitate their identification, even in the absence of reference standards. This study involved the identification of NPS in products seized in Portugal, using various analytical methodologies, including gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GCMS), liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry (LCHRMS/MS), and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). The analysis of four samples provided by LPC-PJ led to the identification of six psychoactive substances: 2F-DCK and DCK (arylcyclohexylamines), two fluoroamphetamine isomers, a bis(1-(2-fluorophenyl)propan-2- yl)amine (phenethylamines), and 4OH-MiPT (tryptamines). Additionally, the metabolic profile of a synthetic opioid from the nitazene subgroup, detected for the first time in Europe and previously isolated from a sample provided by LPC-PJ, was studied. In vitro incubation of this opioid in the human liver S9 fraction allowed the identification of only one Phase I metabolite by LC-HRMS/MS. These metabolites can serve as biomarkers of exposure in forensic or clinical contexts due to the rapid metabolic degradation of the parent opioid.
This work was conducted between September 2023 and July 2024 as part of a collaboration between the Scientific Police Laboratory of the Portuguese Judiciary Police and the University of Lisbon (Faculty of Sciences of the University of Lisbon and Instituto Superior Técnico). Its aim was to analyze, characterize, detect, and identify New Psychoactive Substances (NPS). NPS are substances of abuse, not covered by international conventions on narcotics and psychotropic substances, but which pose a threat to public health. These substances can be analogs of existing controlled drugs or new chemical compounds synthesized to mimic the effects of illicit drugs. Forensic authorities face significant challenges in implementing analytical methodologies to monitor NPS. Specifically, there is an increasing need to develop new analytical methods to keep pace with the frequent structural changes of these substances and facilitate their identification, even in the absence of reference standards. This study involved the identification of NPS in products seized in Portugal, using various analytical methodologies, including gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GCMS), liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry (LCHRMS/MS), and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). The analysis of four samples provided by LPC-PJ led to the identification of six psychoactive substances: 2F-DCK and DCK (arylcyclohexylamines), two fluoroamphetamine isomers, a bis(1-(2-fluorophenyl)propan-2- yl)amine (phenethylamines), and 4OH-MiPT (tryptamines). Additionally, the metabolic profile of a synthetic opioid from the nitazene subgroup, detected for the first time in Europe and previously isolated from a sample provided by LPC-PJ, was studied. In vitro incubation of this opioid in the human liver S9 fraction allowed the identification of only one Phase I metabolite by LC-HRMS/MS. These metabolites can serve as biomarkers of exposure in forensic or clinical contexts due to the rapid metabolic degradation of the parent opioid.
Descrição
Tese de Mestrado, Química (Química Analítica), 2024, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências
Palavras-chave
NSP Arilciclo-hexilaminas Fenetilaminas Triptaminas Nitazenos Teses de mestrado - 2024