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The Concept of Nature - from Pre-Socratic Physis to the Natural ΚΌΣΜΟΣ of the Timaeus
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Resumo(s)
It is a puzzling fact that the Greek term for Nature ‘physis’ could be used to refer to (inter alia) i) reality as a whole, ii) the nature (essence) of something, iii) to individual material beings or materiality and iv) all things that are self-generating. In order to understand and tie together this wide array of possible meanings, I will consider the thesis that ‘physis’ was in fact used as a concept of being, a term naming the fundamental property of all of reality in the early pre-Socratics, poets and scientists before 500 BCE. Investigating ‘physis’ in this way can give us a way of thinking about Nature as a dynamic and creative but material process that goes far beyond the classical understanding of Nature as the sum of things that self-generate or the modern mathematical understanding of Nature born with Galileo, dominant to this day.
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Physis Ancient Greek philosophy Timaeus Process Dynamic materialism
Contexto Educativo
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Editora
Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Letras, Centro de Filosofia / Departamento de Filosofia da Universidade de Lisboa