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Passeriformes colonization and related ectoparasites in insular and mainland populations

2022-01Tese de doutoramento Acesso aberto
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datacite.subject.fosCiências Naturais::Ciências Biológicaspt_PT
dc.contributor.advisorRebelo, Maria Teresa Ferreira Ramos Nabais de Oliveira
dc.contributor.advisorSampaio, Isabel Maria Soares Pereira da Fonseca de
dc.contributor.authorTomás, André Filipe Ventura
dc.date.accessioned2022-07-06T11:36:00Z
dc.date.available2022-07-06T11:36:00Z
dc.date.issued2022-01
dc.date.submitted2021-07
dc.description.abstractThe isolation process of Island parasite populations has revealed a remarkable set of changes in their characteristics, termed parasite island syndromes. Improving knowledge of the effect of insularity on parasite communities from hosts with different time scales of isolation, is essential for understanding the processes involved in the evolution of parasitism and how the period of host isolation, manifests itself on parasite island syndromes. This thesis addresses the ectoparasite communities of Turdus merula, Sylvia atricapilla, Fringilla coelebs and Erithacus rubecula, from mainland Portugal and three Islands of the Azores Archipelago, specifically São Miguel, Terceira and Flores. The Azores Archipelago, geographically positioned as the Northernmost Archipelago of Macaronesia and composed of nine Oceanic Islands recognized as biodiversity hotspots, make it an important area to study the patterns of insular evolution. Live birds were captured with mist nets and sampled for presence of ectoparasites using the modified fumigation chamber method. Traditional methods were used for microscopic identification of hippoboscid flies, fleas and chewing lice. Insular ectoparasite communities of host species were compared with continental communities based on parasite island syndromes (species richness, prevalence and host specificity). Additionally, insular species richness was compared between the area of the Islands and their distance from the mainland. The present study showed that ectoparasites do not failed to establish to the Azores Islands, and furthermore, the diversity of the ectoparasites communities, especially to chewing lice, was clearly enriched on the Azores Islands, with more 3 species than mainland birds. The results also revealed a high insular prevalence of ectoparasites. In regards to host specificity, insular ectoparasites have retained the characteristic specificity of the mainland. Even though island syndromes were not correlated with Island area and distance from the mainland, the overall findings indicate that characteristics associated with the Islands, specifically ambient humidity, the parasites, mainly ability to tolerate ambient humidity, and the hosts, particularly population densities, body size, and nest sanitation, influence the structuring of insular ectoparasite assemblages. Parasite island syndromes were especially notable in T. merula, a bird with two colonization events on the Azores Islands, which suggest that the host isolation on Islands may influence the evolution of insular parasite communities.pt_PT
dc.identifier.tid101580860pt_PT
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10451/53690
dc.language.isoengpt_PT
dc.relationEctoparasitas de aves recém-colonizadoras: dinâmica parasitária de populações continentais e insulares de Passeriformes - Parasites of wild birds and environmental changes: impacts and ecological implications
dc.relationCentre for Environmental and Marine Studies
dc.relationCentre for Environmental and Marine Studies
dc.relationCentre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health
dc.subjectEctoparasitaspt_PT
dc.subjectSíndromes insulares de parasitaspt_PT
dc.subjectPasseriformespt_PT
dc.subjectIlhas dos Açorespt_PT
dc.subjectPortugalpt_PT
dc.subjectEctoparasitespt_PT
dc.subjectParasite island syndromespt_PT
dc.subjectPasserine birdspt_PT
dc.subjectAzores Islandspt_PT
dc.titlePasseriformes colonization and related ectoparasites in insular and mainland populationspt_PT
dc.typedoctoral thesis
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.awardNumberPD/BD/127919/2016
oaire.awardNumberUIDP/50017/2020
oaire.awardNumberUIDB/50017/2020
oaire.awardNumberUIDB/00276/2020
oaire.awardTitleEctoparasitas de aves recém-colonizadoras: dinâmica parasitária de populações continentais e insulares de Passeriformes - Parasites of wild birds and environmental changes: impacts and ecological implications
oaire.awardTitleCentre for Environmental and Marine Studies
oaire.awardTitleCentre for Environmental and Marine Studies
oaire.awardTitleCentre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/FARH/PD%2FBD%2F127919%2F2016/PT
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/UIDP%2F50017%2F2020/PT
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/UIDB%2F50017%2F2020/PT
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/UIDB%2F00276%2F2020/PT
oaire.fundingStreamFARH
oaire.fundingStream6817 - DCRRNI ID
oaire.fundingStream6817 - DCRRNI ID
oaire.fundingStream6817 - DCRRNI ID
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
rcaap.rightsopenAccesspt_PT
rcaap.typedoctoralThesispt_PT
relation.isProjectOfPublicationd207d582-ff1a-4ce0-a33c-012f561e90eb
relation.isProjectOfPublication75627078-fa2a-4db1-b278-160b69a0c207
relation.isProjectOfPublication823d5c61-9c82-44cb-8602-9853cdc4270d
relation.isProjectOfPublication8563a044-0c86-49a8-a275-8b1bb62cc0d8
relation.isProjectOfPublication.latestForDiscoveryd207d582-ff1a-4ce0-a33c-012f561e90eb
thesis.degree.nameTese de doutoramento, Biologia e Ecologia das Alterações Globais (Ecologia e Biodiversidade Funcional), Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências, 2022pt_PT

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