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Olive anthracnose: a yield- and oil quality-degrading disease caused by several species of Colletotrichum that differ in virulence, host preference and geographical distribution
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
Olive anthracnose causes fruit rot leading to its drop or mummification,
resulting in yield losses and the degradation of oil quality.
Taxonomy and distribution: The disease is caused by
diverse species of Colletotrichum, mostly clustering in the
C. acutatum species complex. Colletotrichum nymphaeae and
C. godetiae are the prevalent species in the Northern Hemisphere,
whereas C. acutatum sensu stricto is the most frequent
species in the Southern Hemisphere, although it is recently and
quickly emerging in the Northern Hemisphere. The disease has
been reported from all continents, but it attains higher incidence
and severity in the west of the Mediterranean Basin, where it is
endemic in traditional orchards of susceptible cultivars.
Life cycle: The pathogens are able to survive on vegetative
organs. On the fruit surface, infections remain quiescent until
fruit maturity, when typical anthracnose symptoms develop.
Under severe epidemics, defoliation and death of branches can
also occur. Pathogen species differ in virulence, although this
depends on the cultivar.
Control: The selection of resistant cultivars depends strongly
on pathogen diversity and environmental conditions, posing
added difficulties to breeding efforts. Chemical disease control is
normally achieved with copper-based fungicides, although this
may be insufficient under highly favourable disease conditions
and causes concern because of the presence of fungicide residues
in the oil. In areas in which the incidence is high, farmers pathogen interactions is basal for the deployment of durable and
effective disease control strategies, whether based on resistance
breeding, agronomic practices or biological or chemical control
Descrição
Pathogen profile
Palavras-chave
Colletotrichum acutatum Olea europaea olive anthracnose olive oil quality
Contexto Educativo
Citação
MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY (2018)
Editora
BSPP & John Wiley