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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
O vírus da Hepatite A (HAV) oferece uma elevada resistência a fatores químicos e físicos, como
tratamentos de inativação, tornando-se uma preocupação a nível mundial.
As tecnologias de radiação ionizante constituem um processo de tratamento físico não térmico e
seguro, que não recorre a substâncias químicas prejudiciais. A radiação ionizante é globalmente utilizada
na esterilização de produtos médicos, produtos alimentares e biológicos.
O estudo da inativação do HAV utilizando tratamentos por radiação gama, radiação por feixe
de eletrões, radiação UV e autoclavagem foi o principal objetivo desta dissertação. Deste modo, os
efeitos dos tratamentos nas proteínas da cápside, na deteção do genoma, e na infecciosidade viral foram
avaliados. O HAV foi submetido a tratamentos com doses de radiação entre 3 a 25 kGy (radiação gama)
e 10 a 40 kGy (radiação por feixe de eletrões), com radiação UV (30 minutos sob lâmpada de 254 nm)
e temperatura e pressão (autoclavagem a 121 °C, 1 atm, 60 minutos).
Os resultados obtidos indicaram uma diminuição da antigenicidade dos polipéptidos virais com o
aumento da dose aplicada. Contrariamente, a temperatura apresentou alterações significativas nos
polipéptidos da cápside viral. Os resultados sugerem que, tendencialmente, o número de cópias
genómicas diminuía com o aumento da dose de radiação aplicada. O título viral apresentou uma
diminuição com o aumento da dose de radiação (redução 99,99% a 25 kGy), na radiação UV verificouse uma ligeira diminuição e na temperatura houve uma diminuição acentuada do título.
A análise global, sugere que a degradação do genoma associadas ao decréscimo da infecciosidade
viral nas amostras irradiadas.
The Hepatitis A virus (HAV) exhibits high resistance to chemical and physical factors, such as inactivation treatments, becoming a worldwide concern. Ionizing radiation technologies constitute a safe non-thermal, physical treatment process that does not rely on harmful chemicals. Ionizing radiation is globally used in the sterilization medical and biological products, and food decontamination. The study of HAV inactivation treatments by gamma radiation, electron beam radiation, UV radiation and autoclaving was the main objective of this dissertation. For this purpose, the effects of the treatments on capsid proteins, genome detection, and viral infectivity were evaluated. HAV was submitted to treatments with radiation doses ranging from 3 to 25 kGy (gama radiation), 10 to 40 kGy (electron beam radiation), UV radiation (30 minutes at 254 nm) and temperature under pressure (autoclaving at 121 °C, 1 atm, 60 minutes). The results obtained indicated a decrease in the abundance and antigenicity of the viral polypeptides with the increase in the applied dose. On the other hand, temperature presented significant alterations in capsid polypeptides. The results suggested a decreasing trend of the genomic copies with the increase of the applied dose. The viral titer decreased with the increase of the radiation dose (reduction of 99,99% at 25 kGy). In UV radiation, decrease was observed, and with temperature there was a pronounced decrease in the titer. The overall analysis suggests that genome degradation and changes in capsid proteins could be associated with the decrease of viral infectivity by ionizing radiation.
The Hepatitis A virus (HAV) exhibits high resistance to chemical and physical factors, such as inactivation treatments, becoming a worldwide concern. Ionizing radiation technologies constitute a safe non-thermal, physical treatment process that does not rely on harmful chemicals. Ionizing radiation is globally used in the sterilization medical and biological products, and food decontamination. The study of HAV inactivation treatments by gamma radiation, electron beam radiation, UV radiation and autoclaving was the main objective of this dissertation. For this purpose, the effects of the treatments on capsid proteins, genome detection, and viral infectivity were evaluated. HAV was submitted to treatments with radiation doses ranging from 3 to 25 kGy (gama radiation), 10 to 40 kGy (electron beam radiation), UV radiation (30 minutes at 254 nm) and temperature under pressure (autoclaving at 121 °C, 1 atm, 60 minutes). The results obtained indicated a decrease in the abundance and antigenicity of the viral polypeptides with the increase in the applied dose. On the other hand, temperature presented significant alterations in capsid polypeptides. The results suggested a decreasing trend of the genomic copies with the increase of the applied dose. The viral titer decreased with the increase of the radiation dose (reduction of 99,99% at 25 kGy). In UV radiation, decrease was observed, and with temperature there was a pronounced decrease in the titer. The overall analysis suggests that genome degradation and changes in capsid proteins could be associated with the decrease of viral infectivity by ionizing radiation.
Descrição
Tese de mestrado, Microbiologia Aplicada, 2023, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências
Palavras-chave
Vírus entéricos Vírus da Hepatite A Radiação Gama Radiação por feixe de eletrões Ação Virucida Teses de mestrado - 2024
