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Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
O uso de corretivos derivados de resíduos constitui uma alternativa sustentável, com
potencial para melhorar as propriedades de solos afetados por metais, contribuindo para
estratégias de remediação de solos e para a promoção da economia circular. Este trabalho teve
como principal objetivo a avaliação da eficácia da aplicação de concha de ostra moída (em
substituição do carbonato de cálcio tradicional), combinada com corretivo proveniente da
fração orgânica de resíduos sólidos urbanos na recuperação de um solo ácido proveniente da
zona mineira de Aljustrel. O estudo foi dividido em três partes, que completam esse objetivo:
(i) a avaliação da correção da acidez do solo utilizando concha de ostra moída; (ii) a capacidade
de melhoria das propriedades físico-químicas do solo, incluindo o aumento do pH e a correção
da fertilidade, através da aplicação combinada de concha de ostra moída e composto de resíduos
sólidos urbanos (RSU), visando a revegetação da área; e (iii) a capacidade da combinação de
concha de ostra moída e composto de RSU na imobilização dos elementos tóxicos presentes no
solo contaminado. Os resultados obtidos demonstram o potencial da utilização da concha de
ostra moída como agente alcalinizante sustentável na calagem do solo da Mina de Aljustrel,
com pH muito ácido (pH 4,3), tendo sido possível nas doses 20 e 30 t/ha elevar o pH para
valores entre 5,8 e 6,2, respetivamente. Com a aplicação simultânea de 50 t/ha de composto de
RSU (Classe I), essa correção de pH mantém os valores de pH próximos de 6, para além de
elevar significativamente os teores de matéria orgânica, e teores em N total, P e K extraíveis, o
que poderá aumentar a fertilidade do solo. As análises dos teores em elementos potencialmente
tóxicos totais corroboraram as análises iniciais: os valores totais de Cu, Zn, Cd, As e Pb
permaneceram acima dos limites de referência preestabelecidos no Guia Técnico da Agência
Portuguesa do Ambiente de 2022, mas a aplicação dos tratamentos permitiu a sua imobilização
para teores muito baixos, por vezes abaixo do limite de deteção da técnica, o que diminui a sua
biodisponibilidade e o risco da sua lixiviação.
The use of waste-derived amendments constitutes a sustainable alternative with the potential to improve the properties of metal-affected soils, contributing to soil remediation strategies and promoting the circular economy. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of applying ground oyster shell (as a substitute for traditional calcium carbonate) combined with an amendment derived from the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (MSW) to restore an acidic soil from the Aljustrel mining region. The study was divided into three parts to achieve this objective: (i) the evaluation of soil acidity correction using ground oyster shell; (ii) the improvement of soil physicochemical properties, including pH increase and fertility correction, through the combined application of ground oyster shell and municipal solid waste compost (MSWC), targeting the revegetation of the area; and (iii) the ability of the combination of ground oyster shell and MSWC to immobilize toxic elements present in the contaminated soil. The results demonstrated the potential of using ground oyster shell as a sustainable alkalinizing agent for liming the highly acidic soil from the Aljustrel mine (pH 4.3). With the application of doses of 20 and 30 t/ha, the pH was raised to values between 5.8 and 6.2, respectively. Simultaneously applying 50 t/ha of MSWC (Class I) maintained pH values close to 6 while significantly increasing organic matter content, as well as total nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) extractable levels, which could enhance soil fertility. Analysis of total concentrations of potentially toxic elements confirmed the initial assessments: total levels of Cu, Zn, Cd, As, and Pb remained above the reference limits established in the 2022 Technical Guide of the Portuguese Environment Agency. However, the treatments applied led to their immobilization to very low levels, in some cases below the detection limit of the technique. This reduced their bioavailability and the risk of leaching.
The use of waste-derived amendments constitutes a sustainable alternative with the potential to improve the properties of metal-affected soils, contributing to soil remediation strategies and promoting the circular economy. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of applying ground oyster shell (as a substitute for traditional calcium carbonate) combined with an amendment derived from the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (MSW) to restore an acidic soil from the Aljustrel mining region. The study was divided into three parts to achieve this objective: (i) the evaluation of soil acidity correction using ground oyster shell; (ii) the improvement of soil physicochemical properties, including pH increase and fertility correction, through the combined application of ground oyster shell and municipal solid waste compost (MSWC), targeting the revegetation of the area; and (iii) the ability of the combination of ground oyster shell and MSWC to immobilize toxic elements present in the contaminated soil. The results demonstrated the potential of using ground oyster shell as a sustainable alkalinizing agent for liming the highly acidic soil from the Aljustrel mine (pH 4.3). With the application of doses of 20 and 30 t/ha, the pH was raised to values between 5.8 and 6.2, respectively. Simultaneously applying 50 t/ha of MSWC (Class I) maintained pH values close to 6 while significantly increasing organic matter content, as well as total nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) extractable levels, which could enhance soil fertility. Analysis of total concentrations of potentially toxic elements confirmed the initial assessments: total levels of Cu, Zn, Cd, As, and Pb remained above the reference limits established in the 2022 Technical Guide of the Portuguese Environment Agency. However, the treatments applied led to their immobilization to very low levels, in some cases below the detection limit of the technique. This reduced their bioavailability and the risk of leaching.
Description
Mestrado em Gestão e Conservação de Recursos Naturais / Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa. Universidade de Évora
Keywords
remediação de solos metais pesados concha de ostras biodisponibilidade economia circular soil remediation heavy metals oyster shell bioavailability circular economy
Pedagogical Context
Citation
Athayde, J.P.R. Utilização de corretivos derivados de resíduos na recuperação de solos afetados por atividades mineiras (Mina de Aljustrel - Faixa Piritosa Ibérica). Lisboa: ISA, 2024, 73 p. Dissertação de Mestrado
Publisher
Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa
