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Análise da resistência a antibióticos em Enterococcus spp. isolados de alimentos e superfícies de contacto
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Resumo(s)
Os enterococos são ubíquos na natureza, podendo ser encontrados em alimentos frescos e fermentados
devido à sua termo-resistência a temperaturas elevadas e sua capacidade de adaptação. Nas últimas
décadas, os enterococos surgiram como agentes patogénicos oportunistas. Adicionalmente, devido à sua
propensão para adquirir genes de resistência a antibióticos, podem desencadear infeções graves em seres
humanos. Nesse contexto, é crucial realizar a vigilância de enterococos portadores de resistências a
antibióticos em alimentos e em superfícies de contacto com estes.
O presente estudo foi conduzido com o propósito de investigar a diversidade genómica e a resistência a
antibióticos associadas a enterococos presentes em alimentos e superfícies de contacto com os mesmos.
Para isso, foram recolhidas 43 amostras de alimentos e superfícies, resultando na seleção de 80 isolados
de enterococos após comparação dos perfis de RAPD-PCR de 225 isolados. A confirmação do
género Enterococcus spp. e a identificação da espécie foram realizadas por meio da técnica de PCRmultiplex, revelando a predominância da espécie E. durans, presente em 54,5% das amostras de
alimentos e 60,0% das superfícies de contacto. A análise do potencial de patogenicidade dos isolados
revelou a presença de enterococos produtores de hemolisina (β - hemolíticos) e resistentes a antibióticos.
É importante salientar que foi detetado o fenótipo de resistência à vancomicina em 36,4% dos
enterococos provenientes de amostras de alimentos e em 60,0% dos provenientes das superfícies de
contacto. Além disso, foram identificados 8 isolados com fenótipo de multirresistência, todos resistentes
à vancomicina.
Estes resultados ressaltam a importância de abordagens contínuas para monitorizar e controlar a
propagação da resistência a antibióticos destes microrganismos, bem como o desenvolvimento de novas
opções terapêuticas para infeções enterocócicas.
Enterococci are ubiquitous in nature, found in substantial quantities in fresh and fermented foods, due to their tolerance to high temperatures and high adaptability. In recent decades, enterococci have emerged as opportunistic pathogens. Additionally, due to their propensity to acquire antibiotic resistance genes, they can trigger serious infections in humans. In this context, it is crucial to conduct surveillance of enterococci harboring antibiotic resistances in foods and food-associated surfaces. This study was conducted to investigate the genomic diversity, antibiotic resistance, and potential public health risk associated with enterococci present in foods and their contact surfaces in Portugal. For this purpose, 43 food and contact surface samples were collected, resulting in the selection of 80 enterococci isolates using the RAPD-PCR technique after comparing 225 profiles. Confirmation of the Enterococcus spp. genus and species identification were performed using the PCR-multiplex technique, revealing the predominance of the E. durans species, present in 54.5% of food samples and 60.0% of contact surfaces, with high rates of antimicrobial resistance. Analysis of the isolates' pathogenic potential revealed the presence of enterococci equipped with hemolysin (β-hemolytic) and resistant to antibiotics. It is important to note that the vancomycin resistance phenotype, according to CLSI criteria, was detected in 36.4% of enterococci from food samples and in 60.0% of those from contact surfaces. Additionally, 8 isolates with multidrug resistance phenotypes were identified, all resistant to vancomycin. These results underscore the importance of ongoing approaches to monitor and control the spread of antimicrobial resistance in these microorganisms, as well as the development of new therapeutic options for enterococcal infections.
Enterococci are ubiquitous in nature, found in substantial quantities in fresh and fermented foods, due to their tolerance to high temperatures and high adaptability. In recent decades, enterococci have emerged as opportunistic pathogens. Additionally, due to their propensity to acquire antibiotic resistance genes, they can trigger serious infections in humans. In this context, it is crucial to conduct surveillance of enterococci harboring antibiotic resistances in foods and food-associated surfaces. This study was conducted to investigate the genomic diversity, antibiotic resistance, and potential public health risk associated with enterococci present in foods and their contact surfaces in Portugal. For this purpose, 43 food and contact surface samples were collected, resulting in the selection of 80 enterococci isolates using the RAPD-PCR technique after comparing 225 profiles. Confirmation of the Enterococcus spp. genus and species identification were performed using the PCR-multiplex technique, revealing the predominance of the E. durans species, present in 54.5% of food samples and 60.0% of contact surfaces, with high rates of antimicrobial resistance. Analysis of the isolates' pathogenic potential revealed the presence of enterococci equipped with hemolysin (β-hemolytic) and resistant to antibiotics. It is important to note that the vancomycin resistance phenotype, according to CLSI criteria, was detected in 36.4% of enterococci from food samples and in 60.0% of those from contact surfaces. Additionally, 8 isolates with multidrug resistance phenotypes were identified, all resistant to vancomycin. These results underscore the importance of ongoing approaches to monitor and control the spread of antimicrobial resistance in these microorganisms, as well as the development of new therapeutic options for enterococcal infections.
Descrição
Tese de mestrado, Microbiologia Aplicada, 2024, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências
Palavras-chave
Enterococcus alimentos superfícies de contacto com alimentos resistência a antibióticos Teses de mestrado - 2024