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Seasonal distribution of Tetrodotoxin and analogues in trumpet shell Charonia lampas (Linnaeus, 1758)
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Resumo(s)
Tetrodotoxin (TTX) is a potent neurotoxin, first identified in a fish from the Tetraodontidae family. The
first and only known case of human intoxication in the European Union (EU) occurred in Spain in 2007,
following the consumption of a trumpet shell, Charonia lampas. In response to this incident and
subsequent studies identifying TTX in bivalves and marine gastropods within the EU, the European
Food Safety Authority (EFSA) recommended a safety limit of 0.04 mg TTX eq/kg. However, no
regulation has yet been established in the EU. This study aims to evaluate the temporal variability of
TTX and its analogues in trumpet shells and their primary prey, the starfish species Astropecten
aranciacus. A total of 25 individuals from each species were captured between November 2021 and
October 2022. The results indicated high concentrations of TTX and its analogues in the non-edible
tissues of trumpet shells, exceeding the EFSA’s recommended limit. In edible tissues, only the analogues
dideoxyTTX3 and trideoxyTTX3 were present at quantifiable levels. For starfish tissues, nine samples
surpassed the EFSA’s recommended limit. These findings align with existing literature, which reports
higher toxicity in non-edible tissues and organisms from higher trophic levels, supporting the theory of
TTX bioaccumulation. No statistically significant temporal variability of TTX was observed, implying
that the time of year does not influence TTX accumulation in the studied species. These results support
the need for implementing TTX monitoring programs in Europe and increasing public awareness to
prevent intoxication episodes.
Descrição
Tese de mestrado, Ecologia Marinha, 2024, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências
Palavras-chave
toxinas emergentes TTX gastrópodes segurança alimentar LC-HRMS Teses de mestrado - 2024