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Contributo para a caraterização da qualidade acústica de casas de Fado
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Apesar de o Fado ser, desde Novembro de 2011, Património Imaterial da Humanidade, e parte fundamental da cultura Portuguesa há mais de um século, não se conhecem até à data estudos científicos sobre a qualidade acústica das Casas de Fado. Nestas circunstâncias considerou-se adequado e relevante procurar desenvolver o presente trabalho que tem como base a confrontação entre os resultados de medições acústicas in situ e a opinião de utilizadores destes espaços. Para concretizar o presente trabalho optou-se por: 1) efetuar a análise e explicitação dos principais fundamentos teóricos associados à acústica de salas, incluindo desenvolvimento de fórmulas específicas para determinação dos valores de alguns dos 7 parâmetros físico-acústicos utilizados (Tempo de Reverberação, Amplificação Acústica, Tempo de Decaimento Inicial, Clareza, Definição, Tempo Central e Ruído de Fundo) e desenvolvimento de metodologia alternativa para caraterização do parâmetro Amplificação Acústica, 2) analisar e explicitar os valores recomendados/exigidos na bibliografia/legislação para os parâmetros físico-acústicos utilizados, em função da tipologia de uso das salas, evidenciando alguns possíveis equívocos e efetuando recomendações associadas, 3) desenvolver e concretizar um Questionário sobre a qualidade acústica de Casas de Fado, amplamente difundido pelo meio Fadista mas com fraca participação uma vez que suscitou apenas 3 respostas, permitindo contudo elencar 11 Casas de Fado, 4) realizar medições acústicas in situ em 5 Casas de Fado, das 11 referidas nas respostas ao Questionário, para caraterização dos 7 parâmetros físico-acústicos, e 5) confrontar e analisar os resultados obtidos no Questionário e nas medições in situ, de onde foi possível retirar algumas tendências aparentes que necessitam ser aferidas em eventuais trabalhos futuros sobre a Qualidade Acústica das Casas de Fado.
Although Fado has been considered, since November 2011, an Intangible Heritage of Humanity, and fundamental part of Portuguese culture for over a century, are not known until now scientific studies about acoustical quality of Fado Houses. In these circumstances it was considered appropriate and relevant to develop the present work, which is based on the confrontation between the results of in situ acoustical measurements and the opinion of users of these spaces. To accomplish the work it was decided to: 1) analyze and explain the major theoretical fundaments associated with room acoustics, including the development of specific formulas for determining the values of some of the 7 acoustical parameters used (Reverberation Time, Sound Strength, Early Decay Time, Clarity, Definition, Centre Time and Background Noise) and the development of an alternative methodology for Sound Strength characterization, 2) analyze and explain the values recommended/required in the bibliography/legislation, for the acoustical parameters used, depending on the type of use of the rooms, showing some possible misunderstandings and making related recommendations, 3) develop and implement a Questionnaire on the acoustical quality of Fado Houses, widespread among people associated with Fado, but with low participation since it raised only 3 responses, allowing however to list 11 Fado Houses, 4) perform in situ acoustic measurements in 5 Fado Houses, from the 11 mentioned in the replies to the Questionnaire, for characterization of the 7 acoustical parameters in each of them, and 5) confront and analyze the results obtained in the Questionnaire and in the in situ measurements, where it was possible to understand some apparent trends that need to be confirmed in possible future works on the Acoustical Quality of Fado Houses.
Although Fado has been considered, since November 2011, an Intangible Heritage of Humanity, and fundamental part of Portuguese culture for over a century, are not known until now scientific studies about acoustical quality of Fado Houses. In these circumstances it was considered appropriate and relevant to develop the present work, which is based on the confrontation between the results of in situ acoustical measurements and the opinion of users of these spaces. To accomplish the work it was decided to: 1) analyze and explain the major theoretical fundaments associated with room acoustics, including the development of specific formulas for determining the values of some of the 7 acoustical parameters used (Reverberation Time, Sound Strength, Early Decay Time, Clarity, Definition, Centre Time and Background Noise) and the development of an alternative methodology for Sound Strength characterization, 2) analyze and explain the values recommended/required in the bibliography/legislation, for the acoustical parameters used, depending on the type of use of the rooms, showing some possible misunderstandings and making related recommendations, 3) develop and implement a Questionnaire on the acoustical quality of Fado Houses, widespread among people associated with Fado, but with low participation since it raised only 3 responses, allowing however to list 11 Fado Houses, 4) perform in situ acoustic measurements in 5 Fado Houses, from the 11 mentioned in the replies to the Questionnaire, for characterization of the 7 acoustical parameters in each of them, and 5) confront and analyze the results obtained in the Questionnaire and in the in situ measurements, where it was possible to understand some apparent trends that need to be confirmed in possible future works on the Acoustical Quality of Fado Houses.
Descrição
Tese de mestrado integrado em Engenharia Física , apresentada à Universidade de Lisboa, através da Faculdade de Ciências, 2012
Palavras-chave
Acústica de salas Casa de Fado Qualidade acústica Teses de mestrado - 2012