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Publicação
Análise do Papel da Organização das Nações Unidas no Desenvolvimento dos Direitos da Mulher em Portugal - o Caso da CEDAW
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Autores
Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
O princípio da não discriminação em função do sexo está há muito consagrado no Direito Internacional: começando pela Carta das Nações Unidas, na Declaração Universal dos Direitos do Homem e nos dois principais Pactos internacionais sobre direitos humanos: o Pacto Internacional sobre Direitos Civis e Políticos e o Pacto Internacional sobre Direitos Económicos, Sociais e Culturais.
Em 1979 o princípio da não discriminação em função do sexo bem como outros direitos da mulher foram objecto de um tratado específico, a Convenção sobre a Eliminação de Todas as Formas de Discriminação contra as Mulheres (CEDAW).
Entre 1974 e 1979 ocorreria uma alteração da condição social da mulher em Portugal, nomeadamente o alargamento do acesso a diversas carreiras profissionais, do direito ao voto e da licença de maternidade, bem como o reconhecimento constitucional da igualdade entre homens e mulheres. A 24 de Abril de 1980 Portugal assinou a CEDAW e a 16 de Fevereiro de 2000 o Protocolo Opcional à CEDAW.
O presente trabalho procura estudar a influência da Organização das Nações Unidas (ONU) na evolução dos direitos da mulher portuguesa através dos compromissos assumidos como Estado Parte da CEDAW.
A investigação teve por objectivo aferir o grau de cumprimento por parte de Portugal das disposições da CEDAW e as razões que explicam o eventual (in)cumprimento de algumas das suas disposições. Pretendeu-se ainda perceber o impacto que a CEDAW tem tido nos direitos políticos, sociais e económicos (relacionados com os direitos da mulher) em Portugal.
A recolha e análise de dados assentou sobretudo nos relatórios periódicos entregues por Portugal ao Comité CEDAW, nas observações finais e recomendações do Comité CEDAW a Portugal, no exame do mecanismo de queixas individuais, nos inquéritos envolvendo Portugal e nos julgamentos em Portugal em que a CEDAW foi invocada.
The principle of non-discrimination sex based is established in international law. Starting with the Charter of the United Nations, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the two main international covenants: International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. In 1979 the principle of non-discrimination sex based and other women’s rights were the subject of a specific treaty, the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW). Between 1974 and 1979 a change would happen to the social status of women in Portugal, namely the extension of maternity leave, of the access to different careers and of the right to vote, as well as constitutional recognition of equality between men and women. Portugal signed the CEDAW on 24 April 1980 and the Optional Protocol on 16 February 2000. The present paper aims to study the influence that the United Nations (UN) has had on the evolution of portuguese women’s rights through the commitments undertaken by Portugal as a CEDAW State Party. This investigation had the goal to analyze the degree of compliance and non-compliance by Portugal with the CEDAW provisions, and the reasons behind that (non)compliance. We also intended to understand the impact CEDAW has had on political, social and economic rights (connected with women’s rights) in Portugal. The data collection and analysis was mostly based on the reports submitted by Portugal to the CEDAW Committee, the concluding observations and recommendations made by the Committee to Portugal, on individual communications, on inquiries implicating Portugal and on trials in Portugal in which the CEDAW was invoked.
The principle of non-discrimination sex based is established in international law. Starting with the Charter of the United Nations, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the two main international covenants: International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. In 1979 the principle of non-discrimination sex based and other women’s rights were the subject of a specific treaty, the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW). Between 1974 and 1979 a change would happen to the social status of women in Portugal, namely the extension of maternity leave, of the access to different careers and of the right to vote, as well as constitutional recognition of equality between men and women. Portugal signed the CEDAW on 24 April 1980 and the Optional Protocol on 16 February 2000. The present paper aims to study the influence that the United Nations (UN) has had on the evolution of portuguese women’s rights through the commitments undertaken by Portugal as a CEDAW State Party. This investigation had the goal to analyze the degree of compliance and non-compliance by Portugal with the CEDAW provisions, and the reasons behind that (non)compliance. We also intended to understand the impact CEDAW has had on political, social and economic rights (connected with women’s rights) in Portugal. The data collection and analysis was mostly based on the reports submitted by Portugal to the CEDAW Committee, the concluding observations and recommendations made by the Committee to Portugal, on individual communications, on inquiries implicating Portugal and on trials in Portugal in which the CEDAW was invoked.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado em Relações Internacionais
Palavras-chave
Convenção sobre a Eliminação de Todas as Formas de Discriminação Contra a Mulher (CEDAW) Direitos da Mulher Cumprimento Implementação ONU e Portugal Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) Women’s Rights Compliance Implementation UN and Portugal
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Editora
Instituto Superior de Ciências Sociais e Políticas