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Economic growth, human capital formation and consumption in Western Europe
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Resumo(s)
This chapter focuses on three aspects of pre-industrial European economic history
and the possible relationships between them. The first, based on a growing body of
recent studies, concerns the long-term growth experienced by the European economy
over the two and a half centuries prior to the Industrial Revolution, or, at least,
by important parts of it. It was an unequal process, in terms of time and space, which
had as one of its consequences the emergence, by the eighteenth century, of significant
differences of income per capita that may have helped to shape the course of
industrialization over the next century or so. The second is a correlate of the first and
refers to the probable rise in the standard of living over the same period. Once again,
it was an uneven evolution, with a very diverse impact on social groups, gender,
and the rural/urban divide, as well as on nations and the regions within them. The
third aspect has to do with the remarkable increase in human capital that accompanied
these other two processes and, especially, the unprecedented rise in literacy
that was a part of it. This too was hardly a homogeneous or linear development,
either spatially or temporally, and its causes and consequences have yet to be clearly
understood.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Desenvolvimento económico Capital humano História económica
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Reis, J. (2005). Economic growth, human capital formation and consumption in Western Europe. In Allen, R. C., Bengtsson, T. and Dribe, M. (Eds), Living standards in the past, pp. 195-225. Oxford: University Press