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Cartografia de risco individual e integrado aplicada ao município de Ribeira Brava
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
A necessidade de elaborar cartografia de risco à escala municipal torna-se cada mais evidente no apoio ao ordenamento do território e na elaboração de planos Municipais de Emergência. As várias componentes do risco como a susceptibilidade, a vulnerabilidade, a perigosidade, o dano potencial, entre outros conceitos, são aqui discutidas para que de forma uníssona se possa compreender as metodologias propostas na elaboração de uma carta de risco. Neste trabalho aplicou-se ao concelho de Ribeira Brava da Região Autónoma da Madeira uma metodologia adaptada de um guia metodológico desenvolvido pela Autoridade Nacional de Protecção Civil para a elaboração de cartas de risco individual. Este trabalho traz à discussão os conceitos e os métodos necessários na sua concretização. A cartografia de risco integrado é uma nova abordagem de produção de cartografia de risco, ainda que, tenha vindo a ser investigada já desde os anos 70 mas sempre com pouco desenvolvida. A cartografia de risco integrado que, como tal, deriva das categorias de risco individual, surge neste trabalho, ao nível municipal, adaptada de uma metodologia aplicada à escala europeia. No intuito de agregar as várias categorias individuais, teve-se em conta dois métodos para a integração das várias cartas de risco previamente concebidas. Esses métodos, Delphi e o número de ocorrências, fundamentam uma ponderação das várias categorias de perigo a considerar. Assim, perceber as vantagens e os obstáculos impostos nas metodologias de risco individual e integrado em estudo, bem como a geração de uma metodologia resultante desta fusão, é, sem dúvida, o grande estímulo deste trabalho.
The need to develop risk mapping assigned to municipalities is becoming more evident in supporting the regional planning and the development of municipal emergency plans. The several risk components including susceptibility, vulnerability, danger, potential harm, among other concepts are discussed in this work so that one can understand in a single way the proposed methodologies to elaboration of risk maps. In this study a methodology adapted from a methodological guide developed by the ANPC to the elaboration of individual risk maps was applied to the municipality of Ribeira Brava of Madeira. This work brings to discussion the concepts and methods required in its achievement. The mapping of integrated risk is a new approach in the production of risk maps, although has already been investigated since the 70’s but always poorly developed. The integrated risk mapping derives from categories of individual risk and arises in this work at a municipal level adapted from a European level methodology. In order to aggregate several individual categories, two methods were taken into account for the integration of the risk maps previously created. These methods, Delphi method and the number of occurrences method, allow the establishment of weights for each risk category taken into account. Therefore, realizing the benefits and obstacles imposed on the methodologies of individual and integrated risk in study, as well as the generation of a method resulting from their fusion, is undoubtedly the major stimulus of this work.
The need to develop risk mapping assigned to municipalities is becoming more evident in supporting the regional planning and the development of municipal emergency plans. The several risk components including susceptibility, vulnerability, danger, potential harm, among other concepts are discussed in this work so that one can understand in a single way the proposed methodologies to elaboration of risk maps. In this study a methodology adapted from a methodological guide developed by the ANPC to the elaboration of individual risk maps was applied to the municipality of Ribeira Brava of Madeira. This work brings to discussion the concepts and methods required in its achievement. The mapping of integrated risk is a new approach in the production of risk maps, although has already been investigated since the 70’s but always poorly developed. The integrated risk mapping derives from categories of individual risk and arises in this work at a municipal level adapted from a European level methodology. In order to aggregate several individual categories, two methods were taken into account for the integration of the risk maps previously created. These methods, Delphi method and the number of occurrences method, allow the establishment of weights for each risk category taken into account. Therefore, realizing the benefits and obstacles imposed on the methodologies of individual and integrated risk in study, as well as the generation of a method resulting from their fusion, is undoubtedly the major stimulus of this work.
Descrição
Tese de mestrado em Engenharia Geográfica, apresentada à Universidade de Lisboa, através da Faculdade de Ciências, 2012
Palavras-chave
Cartografia de risco integrado Cartografia de risco individual Delphi Componentes de risco Ribeira Brava Teses de mestrado - 2012