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Análise de clusters espácio-temporais de anomalias congénitas em Portugal
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Este trabalho foi realizado no âmbito da Unidade Curricular de Dissertação/Estágio/Projeto, do mestrado em Bioestatística da Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, e teve como principal objetivo a criação ou adaptação de uma ferramenta computacional que permitisse ao Registo Nacional de Anomalias Congénitas (RENAC), do Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, realizar a analise de clusters espácio-temporais de anomalias congénitas (AC). Os resultados da análise de clusters neste contexto podem ajudar a detetar locais e intervalos temporais em que se verifica um aumento do número de casos de AC. Com essa informação, tornase possível atuar na prevenção junto das populações ou iniciarem-se estudos de relação entre AC específicas e fatores teratogénicos, i.e., fatores passíveis de provocar AC, ao perturbarem o desenvolvimento embrionário ou fetal. A ferramenta criada tem como principal propósito a facilitação da utilização do programa de livre acesso SaTScanTM, que efetua análises espácio-temporais de diversos eventos com base em modelos estatísticos. A metodologia utilizada, denominada estatística de varrimento de janela variável, é análoga à utilizada pela rede europeia de registos, o European Surveillance of Congenital Ano- malies (EUROCAT), com a principal diferença de neste último serem pesquisados apenas clusters temporais. No código da ferramenta estão contidos os procedimentos que permitem a adaptação automática da base de dados do RENAC, de dados fornecidos pelo Instituto Nacional de Estatística referentes aos nascimentos e das coordenadas geográficas dos concelhos de Portugal ao programa, e a possibilidade de definir os parâmetros das análises a realizar sem ser necessário o conhecimento pormenorizado do funcionamento do SaTScanTM. A fim de testar o funcionamento desta ferramenta foram realizadas diversas análises de clusters espácio-temporais de AC em Portugal cujos resultados serão apresentados e discutidos. Esta ferramenta permite a realização de um número elevado de análises num breve intervalo de tempo e aparenta ter utilidade na pesquisa de clusters espácio-temporais de AC em Portugal, ainda que os resultados que dela advém devam ser cuidadosamente interpretados e revistos considerando as características especificas dos dados do RENAC.
This work was carried out in the context of the Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa's Master's in Biostatistics' Curricular Unit of Dissertation/Internship/Project. It's main goal was to create or adapt a computational tool that would allow the National Registry of Congenital Anomalies, Registo Nacional de Anomalias Congénitas (RENAC), of the National Health Institute, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, to execute the analysis of spatio-temporal clusters of congenital anomalies (CA). In these circumstances, the results of clusters analysis can help to detect areas and time periods in which it can be verified an increase in the number of cases of CA. With this information, it is possible to act on the prevention on the populations or begin connexion studies between specific CA and teratogenic factors, i.e., factors which can cause CA by disturbing the embryonic or fetal development. The created tool has the chief purpose of facilitating the use of the freeware SaTScanTM, which runs spatio-temporal analysis of various events based on statistical models. The used methodology, referred to as the variable window scan statistic, is similar to the one used by the european registry network, the European Surveillance of Congenital Anomalies (EUROCAT), with the main difference that, in the latter, the cluster analysis is solely temporal. In the tool's script are the procedures that allow the automatic filtering of the RENAC's database, the birth data from the National Statistics Institute and the geographic coordinates of Portugal's municipalities to fit the SaTScanTM's standards, as well as the possibility of defining the parameters to be used in the analysis without having in depth knowledge of the program. In order to test the tool's behaviour, a series of spatio-temporal cluster analysis of CA cases were run, whose results will be presented and reviewed. This tool allows for a multitude of analysis to be performed in a short period of time and appears to be useful in the research of spatio-temporal clusters of CA in Portugal, although the results should be carefully interpreted and reviewed, considering the specific characteristics of RENAC's data.
This work was carried out in the context of the Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa's Master's in Biostatistics' Curricular Unit of Dissertation/Internship/Project. It's main goal was to create or adapt a computational tool that would allow the National Registry of Congenital Anomalies, Registo Nacional de Anomalias Congénitas (RENAC), of the National Health Institute, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, to execute the analysis of spatio-temporal clusters of congenital anomalies (CA). In these circumstances, the results of clusters analysis can help to detect areas and time periods in which it can be verified an increase in the number of cases of CA. With this information, it is possible to act on the prevention on the populations or begin connexion studies between specific CA and teratogenic factors, i.e., factors which can cause CA by disturbing the embryonic or fetal development. The created tool has the chief purpose of facilitating the use of the freeware SaTScanTM, which runs spatio-temporal analysis of various events based on statistical models. The used methodology, referred to as the variable window scan statistic, is similar to the one used by the european registry network, the European Surveillance of Congenital Anomalies (EUROCAT), with the main difference that, in the latter, the cluster analysis is solely temporal. In the tool's script are the procedures that allow the automatic filtering of the RENAC's database, the birth data from the National Statistics Institute and the geographic coordinates of Portugal's municipalities to fit the SaTScanTM's standards, as well as the possibility of defining the parameters to be used in the analysis without having in depth knowledge of the program. In order to test the tool's behaviour, a series of spatio-temporal cluster analysis of CA cases were run, whose results will be presented and reviewed. This tool allows for a multitude of analysis to be performed in a short period of time and appears to be useful in the research of spatio-temporal clusters of CA in Portugal, although the results should be carefully interpreted and reviewed, considering the specific characteristics of RENAC's data.
Descrição
Relatório de estágio de mestrado, Bioestatística, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências, 2018
Palavras-chave
Anomalias congénitas RENAC Teratogénico Clusters SaTScan TM Relatórios de estágio - 2018