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Resumo(s)
A utilização de pesticidas iniciou-se em meados da década de 30 do século XX com o desenvolvimento de novos compostos químicos para o aumento da produção agrícola, tendo como finalidade a satisfação das necessidades alimentares da população mundial. Porém, a sua fraca degradabilidade e o modo de dispersão fizeram dos pesticidas um grande problema de saúde pública e ambiental. Estes são responsáveis pela poluição do solo e da água e provocam efeitos nefastos na saúde humana. Tendo em linha de conta estes efeitos e visto ser inevitável a presença de resíduos de pesticidas nos alimentos, foram definidos limites máximos de resíduos (LMRs), abaixo dos quais o risco para a saúde dos consumidores não é significativo. Os métodos cromatográficos são os mais utilizados na análise de resíduos de pesticidas, sendo a cromatografia gasosa (GC) a técnica mais aplicada na análise de produtos de origem vegetal. O presente trabalho teve como objectivo a validação do método de cromatografia gasosa com detector de captura de electrões (GC-ECD), para a determinação de resíduos de pesticidas em produtos de origem vegetal, nos laboratórios do Departamento de Alimentação e Nutrição (DAN) do Instituto Nacional de Saúde Dr. Ricardo Jorge (INSA). A metodologia seguida envolveu o estudo da selectividade, linearidade, precisão, limite de detecção (LD) e de quantificação (LQ), e exactidão do método. Os resultados obtidos no presente trabalho, demonstraram que o GC-ECD obedece a todos os parâmetros analíticos necessários à validação do método. Deste modo, conclui-se que a cromatografia gasosa com detector de captura de electrões é uma metodologia válida para a determinação de resíduos de pesticidas em produtos de origem vegetal.
The use of pesticides began in the mid-30’s with the development of new chemical compounds to increase agricultural production, with the purpose to meet the world’s population food needs. However, its poor degradation and propagation made them a major problem for public health and the environment. These are responsible for soil and water pollution and cause adverse effects on human health. They present a high risk especially for children, since the enzyme activity and its metabolic systems are not fully active. Taking into account these effects and since it is inevitable the presence of pesticides residues in food, were set maximum residue limits (MRLs), below which the risk to consumers health is not significant. The chromatographic methods are the most used in the analysis of pesticide residues, and gas chromatography (GC) to more technical analysis applied in products of plant origin. This study aimed to validate the method of gas chromatography with electron capture detector (GC-ECD) for the determination of pesticide residues in products of plant origin, in the laboratories of the Department of Food and Nutrition (DAN) at the Institute Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge (INSA). The methodology involved the study of selectivity, linearity, precision, detection limit (LOD) and quantification (LOQ), and accuracy of the method. The results obtained in this study showed that the GC-ECD obeys all parameters necessary for analytical method validation. Thus, it is concluded gas chromatography with electron capture detector is a valid methodology for the determination of pesticide residues in plant products.
The use of pesticides began in the mid-30’s with the development of new chemical compounds to increase agricultural production, with the purpose to meet the world’s population food needs. However, its poor degradation and propagation made them a major problem for public health and the environment. These are responsible for soil and water pollution and cause adverse effects on human health. They present a high risk especially for children, since the enzyme activity and its metabolic systems are not fully active. Taking into account these effects and since it is inevitable the presence of pesticides residues in food, were set maximum residue limits (MRLs), below which the risk to consumers health is not significant. The chromatographic methods are the most used in the analysis of pesticide residues, and gas chromatography (GC) to more technical analysis applied in products of plant origin. This study aimed to validate the method of gas chromatography with electron capture detector (GC-ECD) for the determination of pesticide residues in products of plant origin, in the laboratories of the Department of Food and Nutrition (DAN) at the Institute Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge (INSA). The methodology involved the study of selectivity, linearity, precision, detection limit (LOD) and quantification (LOQ), and accuracy of the method. The results obtained in this study showed that the GC-ECD obeys all parameters necessary for analytical method validation. Thus, it is concluded gas chromatography with electron capture detector is a valid methodology for the determination of pesticide residues in plant products.
Descrição
Tese de mestrado. Biologia (Biologia Humana e Ambiente). Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências, 2012
Palavras-chave
Pesticidas Poluição Cromatografia gasosa Teses de mestrado - 2012
