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Conservation genetics of the Eastern Carpathian endemic Saussurea porcii Degen (Asteraceae)
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
A better knowledge of endemic and rare species is crucial for conservation biologists to have
information on how and where to prioritize conservation efforts. The reduced genetic diversity in rare
and endemic species can have significant consequences for their long-term survival and adaptability to
changing environmental conditions. SNPs are key markers for the analysis of genetic variation and the
widely adopted RAD-seq offers a cost-effective SNP discovery and does not require prior genomic
knowledge. Saussurea porcii, a highly rare and endangered species is endemic to the Eastern Carpathian.
Its survival depends on specific wet and calciferous habitat conditions within a specific altitude range.
Such conditions are rare, leading to only a few suitable locations for its occurrence. It is also threatened
by grazing and climate changes. Nothing is known about its patterns of genetic diversity. In this study,
we used RAD-seq to assess for the first time the genetic diversity and population structure of the 5
existing populations for the development of conservation strategies. The populations showed moderate
to high differentiation (FST: 0.08 - 0.24). A moderate-to-high genetic diversity was observed (HE (0.15–
0.21) and π (0.17–0.22)). Our study found high within-population and low among-population genetic
variation, attributed to outcrossing mating and long life cycles. Negative FIS was observed across all the
populations, which can suggest outbreeding depression. HO>HE values in all populations may indicate a
recent bottleneck. During LGM glaciations the Eastern Carpathians acted as a refugia, leading to
allopatric speciation of S. porcii. The populations Reb and Tro are situated in formerly glaciated areas,
while the remaining ones are not. In-situ and ex-situ conservation should be done, but challenges like
climate change and grazing may challenge in-situ conservation. Because the results showed a clear
genetic separation between all the populations, conservation must be done without mixing individuals
from different populations.
Descrição
Tese de mestrado, Biologia dos Recursos Vegetais, 2023, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências
Palavras-chave
Conservação genética Diversidade genética RAD-seq Endemismo Teses de mestrado - 2023