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Impact of red flour beetle infestations in wheat flour and their effects on dough and bread physical, chemical, and color properties
Publication . Carvalho, Maria Otilia; Geirinhas, Henrique; Duarte, Sónia; Graça, Carla; Sousa, Isabel
The impact of Tribolium castaneum on the quality and technological suitability of bread-making wheat flour was
evaluated. The aim of this study is to investigate whether insect-infested flours can be used, after pest removal,
avoiding the common use of insecticides and flour waste. The tests were carried out with wheat flour infested red
flour beetle with 500 adults/kg (N1), 1000 adults/kg (N2) and 2000 adults/kg (N3), for two weeks. Flour color,
total starch, protein and water contents, mineral composition and flour acidity were studied. The technological
properties of the respective doughs and of bread were characterized. The results showed that infested flours
acidity was significantly higher (N1, N2 and N3 = 0.3 g H2SO4/100 g) than the control (0.1 g H2SO4/100 g), the
total starch content decrease, from 78 g (control) to 70 g/100 g dm (N3), and protein content did not significantly
change, 7 g/100 g (control) to 8 g/100 g (N2); flour infested showed darker greyish tone which colour differences
ΔE higher than 5, while the bread crust was lighter; the gelatinization properties of starch were slightly influenced
by degree of infestation with gelatinization temperature reduction of about 5◦c. There was not impact on
the structure of the doughs from infested flours measured by rheology. The extensibility of the doughs, before
and after fermentation, was moderately affected by the insects. For the respective breads, they kept their softness
for longer, without significant volume change. These results encourage insect tolerance on grains and derivatives,
avoiding chemical toxic insecticides and food waste. This pretends to be a contribution to pest management
and decision support systems, prevention, and control of losses, relevant subject to stored products.
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Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
Programa de financiamento
Concurso para Financiamento de Projetos de Investigação Científica e Desenvolvimento Tecnológico em Todos os Domínios Científicos - 2017
Número da atribuição
PTDC/ASP-PLA/28350/2017