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The effect of copper and FeNaEDTA application in young mycorrhizal grapevines
Publication . Victorino, Gonçalo; Santos, Erika S.; Abreu, Maria Manuela; Viegas, Wanda; Nogales, Amaia
Continuous application of Cu-based fungicides and molluscicides may lead to Cu accumulation in vineyard soils. Grapevine inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can be a suitable strategy to increase plant tolerance to the excessive levels of this element in the soil. However, the simultaneous use of EDTA-based fertilizers or phytosanitary products in those vineyards can affect metal mobility in the soil, with potential negative consequences for plants. Therefore, this study aimed to elucidate the effect of AMF inoculation on grapevine performance in Cu contaminated soils, in the presence or absence of EDTA chelates.
Two-year-old plants growing in pots filled with an Arenosol, previously inoculated or not with two different AMF, were subjected to three soil treatments: control, Cu addition; Cu and FeNaEDTA addition. Four months later, at the end of the growing season, plant vegetative growth parameters, root colonization as well as soil, root and leaf nutrient contents were analyzed.
In the soil where Cu was applied, Rhizoglomus irregulare- and Funneliformis mosseae-inoculated plants showed significantly higher root biomass than the non-inoculated ones, and R. irregulare-inoculated plants were the ones with the highest root P and Fe concentrations. However, when Cu and FeNaEDTA were applied together to the soil, AMF inoculation was no longer an asset for grapevines, and overall, root biomass decreased, translocation of Cu to leaves was stimulated, and a significant decrease in leaf Mn concentrations was detected, below the levels found in control soils. For this reason, in soils with high Cu-concentrations, although mycorrhizal inoculation can be a suitable strategy to improve plant growth and nutrition, the use of EDTA-based products should be avoided, as it can lead to an amplification of the toxic effects commonly caused by the excess of Cu in plants
The effects of field inoculation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi through rye donor plants on grapevine performance and soil properties
Publication . Nogales, Amaia; Rottier, Emilien; Campos, Catarina; Victorino, Gonçalo; Costa, Joaquim Miguel; Coito, João Lucas; Pereira, H. Sofia; Viegas, Wanda; Lopes, C.M.
Grapevines are highly dependent on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) for normal growth and development. However, vineyard soils may have low AMF abundance and diversity due to conventional soil management practices that are detrimental for these fungi. In this context, the establishment of AMF-inoculated cover crops can be a highly convenient strategy to reestablish soil mycorrhizal potential, as it combines the advantages of a vigorous inoculum source coming from mycorrhizal donor plants with the overall benefits of green covers for grape quality, microbial diversity and soil health. In this work, the potential benefits of Funneliformis mosseae-inoculated under-vine cover crops on grapevine growth, physiology and production were compared to those derived from 1) the establishment of non-inoculated under-vine cover crops, and 2) conventional herbicide-based weed control in the under-vine space. In addition, grapevine root AMF community composition was analyzed to assess if the introduction of a non-native AMF species induced changes on resident mycorrhizal community assemblies and to unveil potential variations in AMF diversity associated to herbicide replacement by green covers. Results indicated that under-vine cover crops, inoculated or not, led to a general vigor decrease in grapevines, probably due to competition between the two species. However, after a heat wave that occurred at harvest time in the second year of the experiment, grapevines growing in plots with inoculated cover crops had the highest photochemical reflectance indices and net photosynthesis rates, and partially compensated production losses due to berry sunburn. Root mycorrhizal community analysis by the end of the experiment revealed that the inoculated F. mosseae isolate colonized grapevine roots from inoculated plots, while it was absent in the other ones. Moreover, inoculation of this AMF did not lead to a replacement of native root AMF communities, but allowed further colonization by other resident Glomeraceae and non-Glomeraceae AMF taxa. Overall, the work herein demonstrates that the introduction of F. mosseae through donor plants is a suitable field inoculation method for grapevines and can help them to better withstand heat waves
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Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
Programa de financiamento
3599-PPCDT
Número da atribuição
139294