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Entre abundância e insegurança alimentar: soja e processos de globalização
Publication . Calado, Virgínia Henriques
Neste artigo analisa-se a circulação e apropriação de um produto alimentar – a soja e seus
derivados – em diferentes contextos geográficos e em cenários que contrapõem abundância alimentar e
escassez. Por um lado, prestaremos atenção aos fluxos desta mercadoria a partir da proposta macrobiótica,
e, por outro, observaremos a sua introdução em Moçambique enquanto cultura de rendimento. Assim,
consideraremos os trânsitos da soja a partir de uma proposta alimentar integrada numa cosmovisão e,
num outro plano, enquanto cultura agrícola em expansão, apresentada como forma de diminuir a pobreza
e a insegurança alimentar. Para a análise destes aspetos tomaremos em consideração a discussão sobre
se os fluxos materiais globais configuram ou não fluxos culturais globais. Perspetivaremos a soja em
articulação com dimensões como globalização, território e aceitabilidade.
From hunger to food insecurity: technocracy and sustainability
Publication . Calado, Virgínia Henriques
This paper is an anthropological contribution to a theoretical, conceptual, and
methodological discussion of the concepts of food (in)security. The decision
to focus on these concepts is related to their relationship with sustainability
issues and also to the fact that they are of fundamental importance in the
evaluation of the nutritional status and food situation of different individuals
and populations. The fact that the notions of food (in)security are at present
indispensable to conduct research on issues such as adequate food, satisfaction,
or deprivation of food, also justifies the attention devoted to it in this text.
Moreover, the circumstance that the concepts of food (in)security give rise to
relevant studies, arguments, and narratives that are used by different actors
(intergovernmental structures, governments, industry, farmers, populations…),
for purposes not always convergent, is another reason to pay attention
to this topic. Taking also into account that food (in)security assessments
mostly produced by experts are at the origin of programmes and measures
through which public policies are implemented, the attention to these concepts
is justified even more. Key concepts in the construction of discourses on food
scarcity, production, and quality, which are drawn up by the United Nations,
states, and other actors, are appropriated by different entities and can be used
in different ways. They may appear, for example, to support political positions
about forms of agriculture that are mainly focused on the quantity of foods
produced and on intensive and extensive forms of agricultural production
than on the protection of small farmers. These concepts are not neutral,
neither in their uses nor in the way in which they are conceptualized, thus
requiring continuous scrutiny.
Economic crisis and political decision: words and meaning
Publication . Calado, Virgínia Henriques; Cunha, Luís
The relationship between crisis and citizenship is complex and ambiguous.
Objectively, a crisis, as deep as the one we experienced recently almost
inevitably implies a compression of citizenship rights, even of those that we
considered unassailable. This is done by reducing some of the institutional
responses usually provided by the State, thereby aggravating unemployment
and insolvency. It is true that the idea of citizenship was summoned from
positions of power, namely with the call for collective commitment in
overcoming the crisis. However, it was a mobilization requirement that cannot
be dissociated from the attribution of responsibilities, which are also collective,
as was the generic and abusive claim that people had lived above possibilities.
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Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
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SFRH
Número da atribuição
SFRH/BPD/97532/2013