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Breeding Alnus species for resistance to Phytophthora disease in the Iberian Peninsula
Publication . Cordeiro, Daniela; Pizarro, Alberto; Vélez, M. Dolores; Guevara, M. Ángeles; Marıa, Nuria de; Ramos, Paula; Cobo-Simón, Irene; Diez-Galán, Alba; Benavente, Alfredo; Ferreira, Verónica; Martín, M. Ángela; Rodríguez-González, Patricia M.; Solla, Alejandro; Cervera, M. Teresa; Diez-Casero, Julio Javier; Cabezas, José Antonio; Díaz-Sala, Carmen
Alders are widely distributed riparian trees in Europe, North Africa and Western Asia.
Recently, a strong reduction of alder stands has been detected in Europe due to
infection by Phytophthora species (Stramenopila kingdom). This infection causes a
disease known as alder dieback, characterized by leaf yellowing, dieback of
branches, increased fruit production, and bark necrosis in the collar and basal
part of the stem. In the Iberian Peninsula, the drastic alder decline has been
confirmed in the Spanish Ulla and Ebro basins, the Portuguese Mondego and Sado
basins and the Northern and Western transboundary hydrographic basins of Miño
and Sil, Limia, Douro and Tagus. The damaging effects of alder decline require
management solutions that promote forest resilience while keeping genetic
diversity. Breeding programs involve phenotypic selection of asymptomatic
individuals in populations where severe damage is observed, confirmation of tree
resistance via inoculation trials under controlled conditions, vegetative propagation
of selected trees, further planting and assessment in areas with high disease
pressure and different environmental conditions and conservation of germplasm
of tolerant genotypes for reforestation. In this way, forest biotechnology provides
essential tools for the conservation and sustainable management of forest genetic
resources, including material characterization for tolerance, propagation for
conservation purposes, and genetic resource traceability, as well as identification
and characterization of Phytophthora species. The advancement of
biotechnological techniques enables improved monitoring and management of natural resources by studying genetic variability and function through molecular
biology methods. In addition, in vitro culture techniques make possible large-scale
plant propagation and long-term conservation within breeding programs to
preserve selected outstanding genotypes.
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Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
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CEEC IND 2018
Número da atribuição
CEECIND/02484/2018/CP1585/CT0010