Browsing by Author "Newbold, Tim"
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- Key tropical crops at risk from pollinator loss due to climate change and land usePublication . Millard, Joseph; Outhwaite, Charlotte L.; Ceaușu, Silvia; Carvalheiro, Luisa; da Silva e Silva, Felipe Deodato; Dicks, Lynn V.; Ollerton, Jeff; Newbold, TimInsect pollinator biodiversity is changing rapidly, with potential consequences for the provision of crop pollination. However, the role of land use–climate interactions in pollinator biodiversity changes, as well as consequent economic effects via changes in crop pollination, remains poorly understood. We present a global assessment of the interactive effects of climate change and land use on pollinator abundance and richness and predictions of the risk to crop pollination from the inferred changes. Using a dataset containing 2673 sites and 3080 insect pollinator species, we show that the interactive combination of agriculture and climate change is associated with large reductions in insect pollinators. As a result, it is expected that the tropics will experience the greatest risk to crop production from pollinator losses. Localized risk is highest and predicted to increase most rapidly, in regions of sub-Saharan Africa, northern South America, and Southeast Asia. Via pollinator loss alone, climate change and agricultural land use could be a risk to human well-being.
- A research perspective towards a more complete biodiversity footprint: a report from the World Biodiversity ForumPublication . Marques, Alexandra; Robuchon, Marine; Hellweg, Stefanie; Newbold, Tim; Beher, Jutta; Bekker, Sebastian; Essl, Franz; Ehrlich, Daniele; Hill, Samantha; Jung, Martin; Marquardt, Sandra; Rosa, Francesca; Rugani, Benedetto; Suárez-Castro, Andrés F.; P. Silva, André; Williams, David R; Dubois, Grégoire; Sala, SerenellaThe impact of human activities on biodiversity is increasingly putting at risk the capacity of Nature to support human well-being (IPBES 2019). The recent Global Assessment of the Intergovernmental Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) reiterated the importance of land- and sea-use changes, exploitation, climate change, pollution and the introduction of invasive alien species as the major direct drivers of biodiversity loss and ecosystem degradation . This assessment also highlighted the need to address the indirect drivers of biodiversity loss, such as unsustainable patterns of production and consumption (IPBES 2019). Acknowledging the importance of understanding the biodiversity impacts of products and supply chains, the life cycle assessment (LCA) community has been devoted to improving how biodiversity is incorporated in LCA. To date few operational life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) methods exist that account for biodiversity impacts . However, more and more private and public actors are asking for appropriate methods, models and indicators to perform biodiversity footprint of products. At EU level, this need has been recently reinforced in the Biodiversity strategy (EC, 2020a) by the inclusion of environmental footprint as an approach to support the assessment of biodiversity impacts due to business activities and supply chains.